Dab tsi yog kub flux siv rau hauv kev lag luam kub smelting?

Kub, raws li ib qho tseem ceeb thiab dav siv hlau, nws cov txheej txheem smelting yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev. Hauv kub smelting, kub flux plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb. Nws tuaj yeem cuam tshuam ntau yam xws li smelting efficiency, zoo, thiab purity ntawm qhov kawg kub. Kev nkag siab tob txog lub luag haujlwm ntawm kub flux hauv cov txheej txheem kub smelting yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua kom zoo dua cov txheej txheem kub ntau lawm thiab txhim kho cov kub zoo.

1.Basic tswvyim ntawm kub flux

(1) Kev txhais

Kub flux yog ib hom tshuaj lom neeg ntxiv thaum lub sijhawm kub smelting txheej txheem, nws lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog txo qis qhov kub thiab nws cov impurities, thiab txhawb kev ua tiav ntawm cov txheej txheem smelting. Flux feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm ntau lub tebchaw nrog cov khoom siv tshuaj tshwj xeeb uas tuaj yeem hnov ​​​​mob chemically nrog impurities hauv kub lossis hloov lub cev lub cev ntawm cov kub yaj.

(2) Hom hom

Feem ntau cov kub fluxes muaj xws li borax, sodium carbonate, quartz xuab zeb, thiab lwm yam. Borax yog ib tug nquag siv fluxing tus neeg sawv cev, mas muaj li ntawm sodium tetraborate. Thaum qhov kub thiab txias, borax tuaj yeem hnov ​​​​mob nrog hlau oxide impurities hauv kub kom tsim cov ntsiab lus melting tsawg borate compounds. Sodium carbonate tuaj yeem hnov ​​​​mob nrog acidic oxide impurities thaum lub sij hawm smelting txheej txheem, ua lub luag haujlwm hauv kev tshem tawm impurities. Quartz xuab zeb feem ntau yog siv los kho cov khoom ntawm slag thiab pab cais cov impurities ntawm kub.

2. Txo qhov kub thiab txias

(1) Txoj Cai

Lub melting point ntawm ntshiab kub yog hais txog 1064 ℃, tab sis nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem melting tiag tiag, ntxiv fluxing agents yuav txo tau lub melting point ntawm kub. Qhov no yog vim qee yam khoom hauv flux tuaj yeem tsim cov eutectic sib xyaw nrog kub. Tsawg melting point sib tov yog hais txog kev sib xyaw ua ke los ntawm kev sib xyaw ob lossis ntau yam khoom, uas muaj cov ntsiab lus melting qis dua li ntawm txhua yam khoom siv. Piv txwv li, thaum borax yog tov nrog kub, ib tug tsawg eutectic sib tov yuav tsum tau tsim nyob rau hauv ib tug tej yam piv, li no txo ​​lub zuag qhia tag nrho melting point thiab cia kub yaj nyob rau hauv kuj tsis tshua muaj kub.

(2) Qhov zoo

Txo qhov kub ntawm melting muaj ntau yam zoo. Ua ntej, nws tuaj yeem txo kev siv hluav taws xob. Qhov qis melting kub txhais tau tias txo qis lub zog xav tau rau cua sov, uas tuaj yeem txo cov nqi tsim khoom rau cov lag luam kub kub loj. Qhov thib ob, qhov ntsuas kub qis tuaj yeem txo qhov volatilization poob ntawm kub ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Kub yuav dhau mus rau ib qho degree ntawm volatilization ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Yog hais tias qhov kub ntawm melting tuaj yeem txo qis, qhov kev poob qis no tuaj yeem txo tau zoo thiab qhov rov qab ntawm kub tuaj yeem txhim kho.

3. Tshem tawm impurities

(1) Reacting nrog impurities

Kub ore los yog cov khoom siv kub rov ua dua tshiab feem ntau muaj ntau yam impurities, xws li hlau impurities xws li tooj liab, txhuas, zinc, thiab qee qhov tsis yog xim hlau. Fluxes tuaj yeem raug tshuaj lom neeg nrog cov impurities. Noj borax ua piv txwv, ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, borax tuaj yeem hnov ​​​​mob nrog hlau oxide impurities los ua borates. Piv txwv li, borax reacts nrog tooj liab oxide los tsim tooj liab borate, uas muaj ib tug qis melting point thiab ib tug ceev sib txawv ntawm kub. Thaum lub sij hawm smelting txheej txheem, nws tuaj yeem raug cais tawm ntawm kub kom ua tiav lub hom phiaj ntawm kev tshem tawm impurities.

(2) Hloov cov khoom ntawm lub cev ntawm impurities

Flux tuaj yeem tsis tsuas yog cuam tshuam cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog impurities, tab sis kuj hloov lub cev ntawm impurities. Piv txwv li, qee qhov fluxes tuaj yeem ua rau cov khoom ntawm impurities finer, ua rau qhov nyuaj ntawm kev sib cais ntawm cov kub yaj, yog li txhawb kev sib cais ntawm impurities los ntawm kub. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, flux kuj tseem tuaj yeem txo cov viscosity ntawm slag, ua kom yooj yim rau slag ntws thiab pab txhawb nws tawm ntawm kub yaj, ntxiv txhim kho cov purity ntawm kub.

4.Txhim kho hlau fusion

(1) Txhim kho melt flowability

Zoo yaj flowability yog ib qho tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv lub kub smelting txheej txheem, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum nws yog tsim nyog rau alloy kub ntawm txawv purities los yog ntxiv lwm yam hlau. Flux tuaj yeem txhim kho fluidity ntawm kub yaj. Nws tuaj yeem txo qhov nro ntawm cov yaj, ua kom yooj yim rau cov yaj kom ntws hauv lub cub tawg thiab txhawb kev sib xyaw ntawm cov hlau sib txawv. Piv txwv li, thaum ua kub alloys, ntxiv ib tug tsim nyog tus nqi ntawm flux yuav xyuas kom meej tias ntau yam hlau muaj peev xwm tag nrho fuse thiab tsim alloys nrog uniform muaj pes tsawg leeg.

(2) Txo cov hlau sib cais

Kev sib cais hlau yog hais txog qhov tsis sib xws ntawm cov hlau sib txawv nrog cov sib txawv hauv cov castings thaum lub sij hawm solidification txheej txheem ntawm alloys. Kev siv cov tshuaj fluxing pab txo qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov hlau sib cais. Los ntawm kev txhim kho lub fluidity ntawm yaj thiab txhawb cov hlau fusion, fluxing agents pab kom muaj ntau yam hlau kom ntau tusyees faib nyob rau hauv lub yaj, uas ua rau ib tug ntau uniformity ntawm cov alloy tom qab solidification, yog li txhim kho qhov zoo thiab cov khoom ntawm cov alloy.

5. Tiv thaiv kub los ntawm oxidation

(1) Tsim cov yeeb yaj kiab tiv thaiv

Thaum lub sij hawm kub-kub melting txheej txheem, kub yooj yim reacts nrog oxygen nyob rau hauv cov huab cua los tsim oxides. Flux tuaj yeem tsim cov yeeb yaj kiab tiv thaiv rau saum npoo ntawm kub yaj ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, tiv thaiv cov pa oxygen los ntawm kev sib cuag nrog kub thiab txo nws cov oxidation. Piv txwv li, qee qhov fluxes decompose ntawm qhov kub siab los tsim cov pa roj carbon monoxide, uas tsim cov yeeb yaj kiab roj rau saum npoo ntawm cov kub yaj, ua haujlwm rau cais cov pa oxygen.

(2) Txo cov solubility ntawm oxygen

Flux kuj tuaj yeem txo qhov solubility ntawm oxygen hauv kub yaj. Thaum lub solubility ntawm oxygen txo, qhov ua tau ntawm kub reacting nrog oxygen kuj txo. Qhov no yuav pab tswj cov purity ntawm kub thiab tsis txhob degradation zoo los ntawm oxidation.

Xaus

Kub flux plays ntau lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov txheej txheem kub melting, suav nrog txo qhov kub thiab txias, tshem tawm impurities, txhawb cov hlau fusion, thiab tiv thaiv kub los ntawm oxidation. Los ntawm kev xaiv thiab siv cov fluxes tsim nyog, kev ua haujlwm ntawm kub smelting tuaj yeem txhim kho, cov nqi tsim khoom tuaj yeem raug txo, thiab qhov purity thiab zoo ntawm kub tuaj yeem txhim kho. Nrog rau kev txhim kho txuas ntxiv ntawm kev lag luam kub, kev tshawb fawb thiab kev siv cov kub fluxes tseem tob zuj zus. Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, ntau npaum thiab ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg fluxes yuav tsum tau tsim, ntxiv txhawb kev nce qib ntawm kub smelting technology .