Iyini i-flux yegolide esetshenziselwa imboni yokuncibilikisa igolide?

Igolide, njengensimbi eyigugu nesetshenziswa kabanzi, inqubo yalo yokuncibilikisa ibalulekile. Ekuncibilikisweni kwegolide, ukuguquguquka kwegolide kudlala indima ebalulekile. Kungathinta kakhulu izici ezihlukahlukene ezifana nokusebenza kahle kokuncibilika , ikhwalithi, nokuhlanzeka kwegolide lokugcina. Ukuqonda okujulile kwendima yokuguquguquka kwegolide enqubweni yokuncibilikiswa kwegolide kubaluleke kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni inqubo yokukhiqiza igolide nokwenza ngcono izinga legolide.

1.Umqondo oyisisekelo wokuguquguquka kwegolide

(1) Incazelo

I-Gold flux iwuhlobo lwento yamakhemikhali eyengezwe ngesikhathi sokuncibilikiswa kwegolide, umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko uwukwehlisa izinga lokuncibilika kwegolide nokungcola kwalo, futhi kukhuthaze ukuqhubeka kahle kwenqubo yokuncibilikisa. I-Flux ivamise ukwakhiwa ngengxube yezinhlanganisela ezihlukahlukene ezinezakhi zamakhemikhali ezithile ezingasabela ngamakhemikhali nokungcola okusegolide noma ziguqule izici ezibonakalayo zokuncibilika kwegolide.

(2) Izinhlobo ezijwayelekile

Ukuguquguquka kwegolide okujwayelekile kufaka i-borax, i-sodium carbonate, isihlabathi se-quartz, njll. I-Borax iyi-ejenti eguquguqukayo evame ukusetshenziswa, ikakhulukazi eyakhiwe nge-sodium tetraborate. Emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, i-borax ingasabela ngokungcola kwe-metal oxide kugolide ukuze yakhe izinhlanganisela ze-borate iphuzu eliphansi. I-sodium carbonate ingasabela ngokungcola kwe-acidic oxide phakathi nenqubo yokuncibilikisa, idlala indima ekususeni ukungcola. Isihlabathi se-quartz sisetshenziswa kakhulu ukulungisa izakhiwo ze-slag futhi sisize ukuhlukanisa ukungcola negolide.

2.Yehlisa izinga lokushisa elincibilikayo

(1) Isimiso

Iphuzu lokuncibilika legolide elimsulwa licishe libe ngu-1064 ℃, kodwa enqubweni yangempela yokuncibilika, ukwengeza ama-agent ancibilikayo kungehlisa indawo yokuncibilika kwegolide. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izingxenye ezithile ku-flux zingakha ingxube ephansi ye-eutectic negolide. Ingxube yamaphuzu ancibilikayo aphansi isho ingxube eyakhiwe ngokuxuba izinto ezimbili noma ngaphezulu, ezinephuzu lokuncibilika eliphansi kunalelo lesakhi ngasinye. Isibonelo, lapho i-borax ixutshwa negolide, ingxube ye-eutectic ephansi ingakhiwa ngesilinganiso esithile, ngaleyo ndlela kuncishiswe indawo yonke yokuncibilika futhi kuvumele igolide ukuba lincibilike emazingeni okushisa aphansi kakhulu.

(2) Izinzuzo

Ukwehlisa izinga lokushisa elincibilikayo kunezinzuzo eziningi. Okokuqala, kunganciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla. Izinga lokushisa elincibilikayo eliphansi lisho ukuncipha kwamandla adingekayo ekushiseni, okungase kwehlise kakhulu izindleko zokukhiqiza emabhizinisini amakhulu okuncibilikisa igolide. Okwesibili, amazinga okushisa aphansi anganciphisa ukulahleka kwegolide ekushiseni okuphezulu. Igolide lizobhekana nezinga elithile lokuguquguquka emazingeni okushisa aphezulu. Uma izinga lokushisa elincibilikayo lingehliswa, lokhu kulahlekelwa kokushintshashintsha kwamandla kungancishiswa ngempumelelo futhi izinga lokutholwa kwegolide lingathuthukiswa.

3.Susa ukungcola

(1) Ukusabela ngokungcola

Insimbi yegolide noma izinto zokusetshenziswa zegolide ezigaywe kabusha ngokuvamile ziqukethe ukungcola okuhlukahlukene, njengokungcola kwensimbi okufana nethusi, umthofu, i-zinc, nokunye ukungcola okungeyona insimbi. Ama-Fluxes angabhekana nokusabela kwamakhemikhali ngalokhu kungcola. Ukuthatha i-borax njengesibonelo, emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, i-borax ingasabela ngokungcola kwe-metal oxide ukwenza ama-borates. Isibonelo, i-borax ihlangana ne-copper oxide ukukhiqiza i-borate yethusi, enephuzu eliphansi lokuncibilika kanye nokuminyana okuhlukile kunegolide. Phakathi nenqubo yokuncibilikisa, ingahlukaniswa negolide ukuze kuzuzwe umgomo wokukhipha ukungcola.

(2) Shintsha izici ezibonakalayo zokungcola

I-Flux ayikwazi nje ukubhekana nokusabela kwamakhemikhali ngokungcola, kodwa futhi iguqule izakhiwo ezibonakalayo zokungcola. Isibonelo, amanye ama-fluxes angenza izinhlayiya zokungcola zibe ngcono, okwandisa ubunzima bokuzihlukanisa negolide elincibilikayo, ngaleyo ndlela kukhuthaze ukuhlukaniswa kokungcola negolide. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-flux nayo inganciphisa i-viscosity ye-slag, okwenza kube lula ukugeleza kwe-slag futhi kube lula ukukhishwa kwayo ekuncibilikeni kwegolide, kuthuthukise ngokwengeziwe ukuhlanzeka kwegolide.

4.Thuthukisa ukuhlangana kwensimbi

(1) Thuthukisa ukugeleza kokuncibilika

Ukuncibilika okuhle kubalulekile enqubweni yokuncibilikisa igolide, ikakhulukazi uma kudingeka kuhlanganiswe igolide lezinto ezihlanzekile ezihlukene noma ukwengeza ezinye izinsimbi. I-Flux ingathuthukisa ukuncibilika kwegolide. Kunganciphisa ukushuba kwesimo sokuncibilika, kwenze kube lula ukuthi ukuncibilika kugeleze esithandweni futhi kukhuthaze ukuxubana okufanayo phakathi kwezinsimbi ezahlukene. Isibonelo, lapho wenza ama-alloys egolide, ukwengeza inani elifanele lokuguquguquka kungaqinisekisa ukuthi izinsimbi ezihlukahlukene zingakwazi ukuhlanganisa ngokugcwele futhi zenze ama-alloys ngokwakhiwa okufanayo.

(2) Yehlisa ukuhlukaniswa kwensimbi

Ukwehlukaniswa kwensimbi kubhekisela ekusabalaleni okungalingani kwezinsimbi ezinezingoma ezihlukene ekubunjweni ngesikhathi senqubo yokuqiniswa kwama-alloys. Ukusetshenziswa kwama-fluxing agents kusiza ukunciphisa ukuvela kokuhlukaniswa kwensimbi. Ngokwenza ngcono i-fluidity yokuncibilika nokukhuthaza ukuhlangana kwensimbi, ama-fluxing agents anika amandla izinsimbi ezihlukahlukene ukuba zisakazwe ngokulinganayo ekuncibilikeni, okuholela ekubunjweni okufanayo kwe-alloy ngemva kokuqina, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukiswe ikhwalithi kanye nezakhiwo ze-alloy.

5.Vikela igolide ku-oxidation

(1) Yakha ifilimu evikelayo

Phakathi nenqubo yokuncibilika okunezinga lokushisa eliphezulu, igolide lisabela kalula nomoya-mpilo osemoyeni ukuze lenze ama-oxide. I-Flux ingenza ifilimu evikelayo ebusweni begolide encibilika emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, ivimbele umoya-mpilo ukuthi ungathintani negolide futhi yehlise ukugcotshwa kwayo. Isibonelo, ama-fluxes athile abola emazingeni aphezulu okushisa ukuze akhiqize amagesi, akha ifilimu yegesi ebusweni bokuncibilika kwegolide, ekhonza ukuhlukanisa umoya-mpilo.

(2) Yehlisa ukunyibilika komoyampilo

I-Flux inganciphisa nokuncibilika komoyampilo ekuncibilikeni kwegolide. Lapho ukuncibilika komoyampilo kuncipha, amathuba okuthi igolide lihlangane nomoya-mpilo nawo ayancipha. Lokhu kusiza ukugcina ubumsulwa begolide futhi kugwenywe ukuwohloka kwekhwalithi okubangelwa i-oxidation.

Isiphetho

Ukuguquguquka kwegolide kudlala izindima ezibalulekile eziningi ohlelweni lokuncibilika kwegolide, okuhlanganisa ukunciphisa izinga lokushisa elincibilikayo, ukususa ukungcola, ukugqugquzela ukuhlangana kwensimbi, nokuvikela igolide ekufakweni kwe-oxidation. Ngokukhetha nokusebenzisa ama-fluxes ngokunengqondo, ukusebenza kahle kokuncibilikiswa kwegolide kungathuthukiswa, izindleko zokukhiqiza zingancishiswa, futhi ubumsulwa nekhwalithi yegolide ingathuthukiswa. Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kwemboni yegolide, ucwaningo nokusebenzisa ama-fluxes egolide nakho kuya ngokuya kujula. Ngokuzayo, kulindeleke ukuthi kuthuthukiswe ukuguquguquka okusebenza kahle kakhulu nokunobungani kwemvelo, okuqhubekisele phambili ukukhuthaza inqubekelaphambili yobuchwepheshe bokuncibilikisa igolide .