Umhlahlandlela Ophelele Womshini Wokusika Idayimane We-Jewelry Chain

Ukuguqula izixhumanisi zensimbi eziyigugu ezivamile zisuke esimweni sazo esingathandeki zibe yi-optical arrays ekhanyayo kakhulu kudinga ubunjiniyela obunembile kanye nobuciko. Ukusikwa kwedayimane yochungechunge lobucwebe kwakwenziwa ngokujwayelekile ngabaqophi bezandla abangochwepheshe, kodwa ngemishini yesimanje, imboni ishintshe ngokuphelele. Amanani okukhiqiza akhuphukile kanye nokuthembeka, okwenza kube lula ukwenza amajiyometri ayinkimbinkimbi ayengatholakala ngesandla kuphela ngemigexo yegolide nesiliva emsulwa kakhulu.

Le mishini isebenzisa amathuluzi edayimane emvelo noma enziwe ngekristalu elilodwa ukusika ubucwebe enkambisweni yokukhiqiza eyingqayizivele yokususa. Insimbi iklanywe ngezingxenye eziqondile kakhulu kule nqubo. Izixhumanisi zicwebezelwa ngokulinganayo ukuze zibambe ukukhanya kusuka ema-engeli amaningi, okwenza izixhumanisi zikhanye ngokuguquguqukayo. Ngale ntuthuko ebonakalayo, izintambo ezinezinhlangothi zinenani elikhulu lemakethe, ngokuvamile zithengiswa ngo-30% kuya ku-50% ngaphezu kwezinguqulo ezijwayelekile ezicwebezelwe. Konke lokhu kwenziwa kalula ngemishini yesimanje, engasebenza ngokunemba kwe-micron ezindaweni ezinzima eziyindilinga zobucwebe njengemicu engenalutho kanye nezintambo.

Ukwakha izinsimbi ezithambile kuyaziwa ngokuthi kuyinkimbinkimbi, kodwa kunezindlela ezintsha zokwenza inqubo ibe ngcono. Ngokusebenzisa ijubane elikhulu lokujikeleza, isidingo sezigaba zokupholisha zesibili siyasuswa ngokuphelele. Kudinga ukuthola amandla okushisa endaweni efanele endaweni yokusika ukuze unqenqema lwedayimane lususe ama-chips kahle ngaphambi kokuba kudabuke i-ductile. Lesi sihloko senzelwe ukukunikeza ulwazi oluphelele mayelana umshini wokusika idayimane weketanga lobucwebe s.

Ubuchwepheshe Obuyinhloko kanye Nezimiso Zokusebenza

✔ Izinhlelo Zokulawula Ezithuthukisiwe kanye Nezakhiwo Ze-CNC

• Ukulawulwa Kwe-Multi-Axis:   Kuyisakhiwo esithuthukisiwe esiphakathi komshini, esivame ukuba nezimbazo ezilawulwayo ezingafika ku-14 ezivumela umqhubi ukuguquguquka okugcwele komklamo.
• Amanethiwekhi e-Fiber Optic:   Uhlelo lubamba isikhungo sokuxhumana phakathi kwe-PLC nama-motor angenamabhulashi. Luqinisekisa ukungavikeleki ekuphazamisekeni kwe-electromagnetic (EMI) okukhiqizwa ama-induction furnaces aseduze.
• Ukubuyiselwa Kwephutha Lokukhuluma:   Uhlelo lwesikhathi sangempela lulinganisa izikhawu zezixhumanisi ngesikhathi sokudla futhi lulungisa uchungechunge ezindaweni ezithile, ezilinganisiwe. Luqinisekisa ukuthi umsiki ushaya isikhungo esiqondile sesixhumanisi ngasinye, naphezu kokushintshashintsha okuncane kokuluka.
• Ama-AC Servo Motors:   Ukuqopha okusheshayo kwangempela kwenzeka ngama-absolute encoders kuma-AC servo motors avumelanisiwe. Anikeza izilinganiso eziphezulu ze-torque-to-weight ezidingekayo ukuze kubekwe izinga le-micron. Izinhlelo zokubona ezihlanganisiwe zisebenzisa amalensi e-telecentric namakhamera anesinqumo esiphezulu ukuze azilungisele amathuluzi ngokushesha ukuze kube nekhwalithi ephelele.

✔ Isayensi Yokuqhekeka Okuncane Okusheshayo

Umsebenzi ungahlukaniswa ngezinyathelo zokuchaza ukuthi umshini wokusika idayimane weketanga lobucwebe usebenza kanjani:

• Ukulungiselela Ngensimbi (Ukuqinisa Umsebenzi):   Umsebenzi uqala lapho uchungechunge lobucwebe luqiniswa ngokusebenza nge-hammering yomshini ngaphambi kwenqubo yokufaka izinhlangothi. Esimweni salo sokugoba, insimbi eyigugu ithambile kakhulu futhi ingageleza ngaphansi kwethuluzi. Ukugoba kwandisa ubuningi bokuhlukaniswa ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo sekristalu, kukhulisa amandla okukhiqiza futhi kuvumele izingxenye eziqinile.
• Ukusetha i-Engela: Umqhubi ube eseshayela ama-engeli okusika, ngokuvamile aphakathi kuka-35° no-45° uma kuqhathaniswa nendiza engaphezulu. Lokhu kuchaza ukuthi uhlangothi luzoya kuphi ukuze kuthuthukiswe umthetho wakudala wokuzindla.
• Ukusika Okusheshayo: Amathuluzi edayimane asezimbonini ajikeleza ku-24,000–40,000 RPM. Izinga lokucindezeleka liyakhula kulezi zilinganiso ezibucayi, lishintshe ukuguquguquka kwepulasitiki kube "ukuqhekeka okuncane" noma ukugunda izinwele endaweni ethile.
• Ukuhlanza Isimo: Abasebenzi bathola ukuqeda okufana nesibuko ngqo kusuka ethuluzini. Amandla okushisa amakhulu atholakala endaweni yokusika avumela umphetho wedayimane ukuthi ugunde ama-chips kahle ngaphambi kokuba adabuke nge-ductile, okususa isidingo sokupholisha kwesibili.

Ukusikwa ngakunye kunamathela kuhlelo oluthile. Uma kukhulunywa ngalokhu, ama-alloy egolide angu-14K, aqukethe igolide elingu-58.3%, avame ukukhethwa njengoba izinsimbi ze-alloy ezisele zinikeza ubulukhuni obuningi, okusiza ukugcina imiphetho yezinhlangothi isikhathi eside. Le ndlela yokuqinisa umsebenzi iholela ekuziphatheni komshini okungaguquki kakhulu ngesikhathi senqubo yokusika. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi ubucwebe bukwazi kangcono ukumelana nemihuzuko emincane ebusweni etholakala ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke.

Ukuhlukaniswa Kwemishini Yokusika

◆ Izinhlelo ze-CNC ze-Multi-Axis

Abenzi bobucwebe banezidingo ezahlukene zokwenza izinto ngokuzenzakalela. Kunquma ukuthi badinga yini izinhlelo ze-CNC ezine-axis eyodwa noma ezine-axis eminingi. Le mishini yezimboni yenza ngokuzenzakalelayo yonke indlela yokusebenza kusukela ekunikezeni i-reel-to-reel kuya ekusebenzeni kwephethini ene-angle eminingi. Izakhiwo ezithuthukisiwe zisekela ukucushwa kwe-spindle okuphindwe kabili, okuvumela ukusebenza ngasikhathi sinye kwezinhlangothi zombili zeketanga ukuze kuphindwe kabili ukukhiqiza.

Imishini ye-CNC enezingqimba eziningi iyisinqumo esijwayelekile sokwenza izibalo ezilandelanayo eziyinkimbinkimbi, njengezinkanyezi ezinamaphoyinti angu-12, izimvemvane, kanye neziphambano ezimbili. Ziyakwazi ukusebenza ngesivinini sokusika esiqondile esifinyelela ku-1900 m/min ngaphandle kokungenelela komuntu. Abasebenzi bangagcina amasethi wamapharamitha angaphezu kwe-100, okuvumela ukushintsha okusheshayo kwemodeli yomkhiqizo ngaphansi kwemizuzu eyi-10. Ozimele abanokuqina okuphezulu, abavame ukwenziwa ngensimbi ephonswe, badonsa ukudlidliza futhi balondoloze ukubekezelelana okuphelele komshini okungu-±0.01 mm.

◆ Ubuchwepheshe be-Cryogenic Ice Lathe

Ukuze kunqunywe amaketanga amahle kakhulu noma angenalutho angachotshozwa ngama-clamp omshini, imishini isebenzisa ama-lathe eqhwa. Lawa asebenzisa amanzi aqandisiwe njengendlela yokubopha yesikhashana, eqinile. Umjikelezo ozenzakalelayo uhilela ukugoqa iketanga esigubheni esinegumbi eliphindwe kabili bese ulifutha ngamanzi aqandisa ngemizuzu embalwa. I-matrix yeqhwa inikeza ukwesekwa okufanayo komshini okungu-360°, okuvimbela ukusonteka kwesixhumanisi noma ukudlidliza ngesikhathi semithelela yokusika ngesivinini esikhulu.

Kusetshenziswa amathuluzi alandelanayo: ithuluzi le-Polycrystalline Diamond (PCD) lisula ungqimba lwangaphandle lweqhwa, lilandelwe ithuluzi le-Natural Diamond (ND) elihlanganisa insimbi. Iqhwa lisebenza njenge-"sacrificial phase-change coolant," limunca ukushisa okukhuhlanayo ukuze livikele insimbi ekucindezelekeni kokushisa futhi livimbele ukugqwala kwamathuluzi edayimane.

◆ Ukucutshungulwa Kwe-Ball and Bead Chain Okukhethekile

Eminye imishini yakhelwe ngqo ukukhiqiza ukwakheka okuyinkimbinkimbi ezindaweni eziyindilinga. Amaketanga ebhola ahlanganisa ubuso adinga ukuphathwa okukhethekile ngoba izimbulunga ezingenalutho, ezinodonga oluncane zisengozini enkulu yokuwa. Imishini ekhethekile isebenzisa ama-collet ayindilinga kanye nama-spindle azimele amabili ukubopha nokubopha ubuhlalu obuyindilinga, obuyi-olive, noma obufana nobamboo.

Lezi zinhlelo zingacubungula ubuhlalu obusukela ku-Ø 2 mm kuya ku-8 mm ngesivinini esingaphezu kwezingcezu ezingama-500 kuya ku-700 ngehora. Zivumela ukuqoshwa okuzenzakalelayo kwamaphethini amaningi okuhlobisa ngenkathi kuqinisekiswa ukulingana okuphelele kwejometri ebusweni bobuhlalu. Ngenkathi uchungechunge luhlala lukhona kwezinye izinhlelo ze-VRT ezithuthukisiwe, ikhanda lokusika lijikeleza umkhiqizo ukuze linikeze ukusika okuzinzile kanye nokuphela kobuso okuthuthukisiwe kwezingxenye eziyindilinga.

Izesekeli Namathuluzi Abalulekile

Ubuhle Bokusebenza Nokunakekelwa

♦ Ukulawulwa Kwemvelo Nokubuyiselwa Kwegolide

Ngenxa yokuthi insimbi eyigugu imele izindleko ezinkulu zokusebenza, ukukhetha imishini efanele kusho ukusebenzisa amakamelo okusika avaliwe angangenisi umoya ukuze kugcinwe izingcezu ezisele cishe ngokuphelele. Amayunithi okufutha i-vacuum anejubane eliphezulu axhunywe ngqo endaweni yokusika ukuze abuyisele uthuli lwensimbi olusemoyeni kanye nokucheba okuncane.

Uma usebenzisa umsebenzi ongayeki, umswakama ohlobene kumele ugcinwe ngokuqinile ku-40% kuya ku-50% ukuvimbela ukugqwala kobuso eziqondisweni eziqondile kanye nezilayidi zemishini. Amazinga okushisa azungezile kumele azinziswe ukuze kuvinjelwe ukwanda kokushisa kohlaka lomshini, okungalimaza ukuphindaphinda kwe-micrometric. Abaqhubi kufanele bagcine imifudlana yokucwenga ihlukaniswe ngokuqinile yi-alloy grade ukuze kwandiswe inani lokubuyisa kusuka ekubuyiselweni kwamakhemikhali.

♦ Ukugcinwa Kokuvimbela Ama-Spindle Aphezulu E-RPM

Ukuze ama-spindle anejubane eliphezulu angaphezu kuka-25,000 RPM asebenze kahle, kubalulekile isimiso sokulungisa esivamile. Agcobe ngamafutha aphansi anezinga eliphezulu njalo emahoreni angu-40 kuya kwangu-50 okusebenza. Ama-spindle e-CNC apholiswa uketshezi futhi adinga ukugeleza kokupholisa okuqhubekayo. Ushintsho oluncane ekushiseni lungashintsha izikhundla zamathuluzi ngama-micron amaningana.

Shintsha izihlungi zamanzi namanzi ezikhishwe i-ion ohlelweni lwe-chiller njalo ezinyangeni eziyi-6 kuya kweziyi-12 ukuze kulondolozwe ukulingana kokushisa. Amagiya okukhomba kufanele ahlanzwe ngebhulashi elithambile ukuze kuvinjelwe ukunqwabelana kwama-swarf, okungabangela amaphutha ekubekeni. Okokugcina, ukuze kugwenywe ukujula okungalingani kwezinhlangothi ngesikhathi sokushintsha kwamathuluzi okuzenzakalelayo, qiniseka ukuthi wonke ama-shank amathuluzi edayimane akhiwe nge-CNC ukuze kube nokubekezelelana okuphelele okungu-±0.01 mm.

Isiphetho

Umshini wokusika idayimane ngochungechunge lobucwebe uyingqophamlando yokwenza igolide yesimanje ngoba uhlanganisa i-physics yomshini osheshayo nobuciko bendabuko bokwenza igolide. Abakhiqizi manje sebekwazi ukufeza amazinga okukhanya kanye nobunzima bejometri obekungatholakali ngaphambili. Lokhu kwenziwa kube nokwenzeka ngokusebenzisa izinhlelo ze-CNC zesimanje, ukubopha okucryogenic, kanye namathuluzi edayimane ahlanzekile kakhulu. Kubalulekile ukuze kuhlale isikhathi eside futhi kubuyiselwe igolide elibiza kakhulu ukuthi lezi zinhlelo zigcinwe ngokulawulwa okuqinile kwemvelo kanye nokuphathwa kokushisa okunembile.

Uma ufuna uchwepheshe umshini wokwenza uchungechunge lobucwebe izixazululo ezibonisa lezi zindinganiso eziphakeme zokunemba nokusebenza kahle, i-Hasung   inikeza imishini ehlukahlukene. Ukuze uthole umbhalo wemigexo onembile kakhulu, bheka ku- Umshini Wokusika Iketanga Ledayimane Elisheshayo Le-Hasung-R2000 Ukuze uthole ukucutshungulwa kwenqwaba ephezulu, bheka i-Hasung Jewelry Eight-Sides Diamond Cutting Machine. Lawa mathuluzi ahamba phambili embonini anika ucezu ngalunye lobucwebe umphefumulo walo oyingqayizivele kanye nokuthungwa okunobukhazikhazi.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

U: Iyini inzuzo eyinhloko yokusebenzisa izinhlelo ze-CNC ezinama-axis amaningi ekukhiqizeni okukhulu?

Zenza ngokuzenzakalelayo yonke indlela yokusebenza, zisekela ukucushwa kwe-dual-spindle ukuze kuphindwe kabili, futhi zigcina ukubekezelelana okuphelele komshini okungu-±0.01 mm.

Q: Kungavinjelwa kanjani ukudabuka kwezinsimbi ezithambile ngesikhathi sokusika?

Kudinga ukusebenza ngesivinini esikhulu sokujikeleza (24,000 kuya ku-40,000 RPM) ukuze kuguqulwe amandla okusebenza kusukela ekuguqulweni kwepulasitiki kuya ekugundeni okwenziwe endaweni ethile, noma "ukuqhekeka okuncane."

U: Uyini umsebenzi we-ice lathes ekusikeni uchungechunge lobucwebe?

Basebenzisa amanzi aqandisiwe njengendlela yokubopha yesikhashana, eqinile ukuze banikeze ukwesekwa okufanayo komshini okungu-360° kwamaketanga amahle kakhulu noma angenalutho, okuvimbela ukusonteka noma ukudlidliza kwezixhumanisi.