Yintoni esetyenziselwa ukunyibilikisa igolide kwishishini lokunyibilikisa igolide?

Igolide, njengentsimbi exabisekileyo nesetyenziswa ngokubanzi, inkqubo yayo yokunyibilikisa ibalulekile. Ekunyibilikiseni igolide, ukuguquguquka kwegolide kudlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu. Inokuchaphazela kakhulu izinto ezahlukeneyo ezifana nokunyibilikisa ukusebenza kakuhle, umgangatho, kunye nokusulungeka kwegolide yokugqibela. Ukuqonda okunzulu kwendima yokuguquguquka kwegolide kwinkqubo yokunyibilikiswa kwegolide kubaluleke kakhulu ekwandiseni inkqubo yokuvelisa igolide kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wegolide.

1.Ingqiqo esisiseko yokuguquguquka kwegolide

(1) Ingcaciso

I-Gold flux luhlobo lwekhemikhali eyongeziweyo ngexesha lenkqubo yokunyibilikisa igolide, umsebenzi wayo oyintloko kukuthoba indawo yokunyibilika kwegolide kunye nokungcola kwayo, kunye nokukhuthaza inkqubela phambili yenkqubo yokunyibilikisa. I-Flux idla ngokuqulunqwa ngumxube weekhompawundi ezahlukeneyo ezineempawu ezithile zeekhemikhali ezinokusabela ngokwekhemikhali ngokungcola kwegolide okanye ukuguqula iimpawu ezibonakalayo zokunyibilika kwegolide.

(2) Iintlobo eziqhelekileyo

Imijelo yegolide eqhelekileyo iquka iboraksi, i-sodium carbonate, isanti yequartz, njl.njl. I-Borax yinto eqhelekileyo esetyenziswa ngokuguquguqukayo, ikakhulu yenziwe yi-sodium tetraborate. Kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu, i-borax inokusabela ngokungcola kwe-metal oxide kwigolide ukuze yenze iikhompawundi ze-borate ezincibilikayo. I-sodium carbonate inokusabela ngokungcola kwe-acidic oxide ngexesha lenkqubo yokunyibilikisa, idlala indima ekususeni ukungcola. Isanti ye-quartz isetyenziselwa ukulungelelanisa iimpawu ze-slag kunye nokunceda ukwahlula ukungcola kwigolide.

2.Yehlisa ubushushu obunyibilikayo

(1) Umgaqo

Indawo yokunyibilika yegolide esulungekileyo imalunga ne-1064 ℃, kodwa kwinkqubo yokwenyani yokunyibilika, ukongeza iiarhente eziguquguqukayo kunokwehlisa indawo yokunyibilika kwegolide. Oku kungenxa yokuba izinto ezithile kwi-flux zinokwenza umxube we-eutectic ophantsi kunye negolide. Umxube osezantsi wokunyibilika ubhekisa kumxube owenziwe ngokuxutywa kwezinto ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu, ezinendawo yokunyibilika engaphantsi kuneyo yento nganye eyinxalenye. Ngokomzekelo, xa i-borax ixutywe negolide, umxube we-eutectic ophantsi unokusekwa kwinqanaba elithile, ngaloo ndlela unciphisa indawo yokunyibilika yonke kwaye uvumele igolide ukuba inyibilike kumaqondo aphantsi kakhulu.

(2) Izinto eziluncedo

Ukunciphisa ubushushu obunyibilikayo kuneenzuzo ezininzi. Okokuqala, inokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla. Ubushushu obuphantsi bokunyibilika buthetha ukuhla kwamandla afunekayo ekufudumezeni, okunokuthi kuthobe kakhulu iindleko zemveliso kumashishini amakhulu okunyibilikisa igolide. Okwesibini, amaqondo obushushu asezantsi anokunciphisa ilahleko yokuguquguquka kwegolide kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu. Igolide iya kufumana iqondo elithile lokuguquguquka kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu. Ukuba ubushushu obunyibilikayo bunokuthotywa, le lahleko yokuguquguquka ingancitshiswa ngokufanelekileyo kwaye izinga lokubuyisela igolide lingaphuculwa.

3.Susa ukungcola

(1) Ukuphendula ngobumdaka

Intsimbi ekrwada yegolide okanye imathiriyeli esetyenzisiweyo yegolide ihlala iqulathe ubumdaka obahlukeneyo, obufana nobumdaka bentsimbi obufana nobhedu, ilothe, i-zinc, kunye nobunye ukungcola okungeyontsimbi. Ii-Fluxes zinokuchaphazeleka kwiikhemikhali ngobu kungcola. Ukuthatha i-borax njengomzekelo, kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu, i-borax inokusabela ngokungcola kwe-metal oxide ukwenza i-borates. Ngokomzekelo, i-borax isabela nge-copper oxide ukuvelisa i-borate yobhedu, enendawo ephantsi yokunyibilika kunye nobuninzi obuhlukeneyo kwigolide. Ngethuba lenkqubo yokunyibilikisa, inokwahlulwa kwigolide ukuze kuphunyezwe injongo yokususa ukungcola.

(2) Guqula iimpawu ezibonakalayo zokungcola

I-Flux ayinakukwazi ukujamelana neekhemikhali kuphela ngokungcola, kodwa iphinde iguqule iimpawu ezibonakalayo zokungcola. Ngokomzekelo, ezinye ii-fluxes zinokwenza iincinci zokungcola ziphucule, zikhulise ubunzima bokuhlula kwigolide enyibilikayo, ngaloo ndlela zikhuthaza ukuhlukana kokungcola kwigolide. Ngelo xesha, i-flux inokunciphisa i-viscosity ye-slag, okwenza kube lula ukuba i-slag ihambe kwaye iququzelele ukukhutshwa kwayo kwi-melt yegolide, iphucula ngakumbi ukucoceka kwegolide.

4.Ukukhuthaza ukudibanisa isinyithi

(1) Phucula ukunyibilika kokuhamba

Ukunyibilika okulungileyo kokunyibilika kubalulekile kwinkqubo yokunyibilikiswa kwegolide, ngakumbi xa kuyimfuneko ukuxutywa kwegolide kwizinto ezizisulungekileyo ezahlukeneyo okanye ukongeza ezinye iintsimbi. I-Flux inokuphucula ukunyibilika kwegolide. Inokunciphisa ukunyanzeliswa komphezulu wokunyibilika, okwenza kube lula ukuba ukunyibilika kuhambe kwisithando somlilo kunye nokukhuthaza ukuxubana okufanayo phakathi kweentsimbi ezahlukeneyo. Ngokomzekelo, xa usenza ii-alloys zegolide, ukongeza umlinganiselo ofanelekileyo we-flux unokuqinisekisa ukuba izinyithi ezahlukahlukeneyo zinokudibanisa ngokupheleleyo kwaye zenze i-alloys ngokubunjwa okufanayo.

(2) Nciphisa ulwahlulo lwentsimbi

Ukwahlulwa kwesinyithi kubhekiselele kulwabiwo olungalinganiyo lwezinyithi ezinemixholo ehlukeneyo yokuphosa ngexesha lenkqubo yokuqinisa i-alloys. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-fluxing agents kunceda ukunciphisa ukuvela kokwahlulwa kwesinyithi. Ngokuphucula i-fluidity yokunyibilika kunye nokukhuthaza ukudityaniswa kwesinyithi, ii-agents eziguquguqukayo zenza ukuba isinyithi ezahlukahlukeneyo zisasazwe ngokulinganayo kwi-alloy, okukhokelela ekubunjweni okufanayo kwe-alloy emva kokuqiniswa, ngaloo ndlela kuphuculwe umgangatho kunye neepropati ze-alloy.

5.Khusela igolide kwi-oxidation

(1) Yenza ifilimu ekhuselayo

Ngexesha lokunyibilika kobushushu obuphezulu, igolide idibana lula neoksijini esemoyeni yenze iioksidi. I-Flux inokwenza ifilimu ekhuselayo kumphezulu wegolide inyibilika kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu, ithintela ioksijini ukuba ingadibani negolide kwaye inciphise i-oxidation yayo. Ngokomzekelo, ii-fluxes ezithile zibola kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu ukuvelisa iigesi, ezenza ifilimu yegesi kumphezulu wokunyibilika kwegolide, ekhonza ukwahlula ioksijini.

(2) Nciphisa ukunyibilika kweoksijini

I-Flux inokunciphisa ukunyibilika kweoksijini kwigolide enyibilikayo. Xa ukunyibilika kweoksijini kuncipha, amathuba okuba igolide iphendule ngeoksijini nawo ayancipha. Oku kunceda ukugcina ubunyulu begolide kunye nokuphepha ukuthotywa komgangatho obangelwa yi-oxidation.

Ukuqukumbela

I-Gold flux idlala indima ebalulekileyo kwinkqubo yokunyibilika kwegolide, kubandakanya ukunciphisa ubushushu bokunyibilika, ukususa ukungcola, ukukhuthaza ukudibanisa kwesinyithi, kunye nokukhusela igolide kwi-oxidation. Ngokukhetha nokusebenzisa ii-fluxes ngokufanelekileyo, ukusebenza kakuhle kokunyibilikiswa kwegolide kunokuphuculwa, iindleko zemveliso zinokuncitshiswa, kwaye ubunyulu nomgangatho wegolide unokwandiswa. Ngophuhliso oluqhubekayo lweshishini legolide, uphando kunye nokusetyenziswa kwegolide eguquguqukayo nayo iya isiba nzulu. Kwixesha elizayo, kulindeleke ukuba kuphuhliswe ii-fluxes ezisebenza ngokufanelekileyo kunye nezilungele ukusingqongileyo, ukukhuthaza ngakumbi inkqubela yobuchwephesha bokunyibilikisa igolide .