Imakethe Yezinsimbi Eziyigugu: Ihlola Umlando Wayo, Isimo Samanje, Nekusasa

Imakethe Yezinsimbi Eziyigugu: Ihlola Umlando Wayo, Isimo Samanje, Nekusasa

Isingeniso

Imakethe yensimbi eyigugu iyingxenye ebalulekile yesistimu yezezimali yomhlaba wonke, futhi ukubaluleka kwayo kugqame kakhulu emkhakheni wokutshalwa kwezimali kanye nokugcinwa kwempahla. Izinsimbi eziyigugu, njengempahla ebonakalayo, zinenani eliyingqayizivele lokutshalwa kwezimali futhi zinganikeza nokuvikela okuthile kothango. Lesi sihloko sizohlola umlando, isimo samanje, nekusasa lemakethe yensimbi eyigugu, sihlaziye ukunikezwa kwemakethe nesimo sokufunwa, futhi sinikeze iziphakamiso zokutshala izimali ezihambisanayo.

Ukuhlaziywa kwezimakethe zemakethe

Umlando wemakethe yensimbi eyigugu ungalandelelwa emuva ezinkulungwaneni zeminyaka. Kusukela eGibhithe lasendulo, igolide lalisetshenziswa njengemali kanye nomhlobiso. Ngokuthuthuka komphakathi wesintu, isimo sezinsimbi eziyigugu siyaqhubeka nokukhuphuka ohlelweni lwezezimali. Emashumini ambalwa eminyaka adlule, imakethe yensimbi eyigugu ibe nokuguquguquka okuningi, kodwa ukuthambekela okuphelele kuya phezulu.

Eminyakeni yakamuva, ngenxa yokungaqiniseki kwesimo somnotho emhlabeni wonke, imakethe yensimbi eyigugu isiphinde yanakwa. Ezombusazwe, ezomnotho, ezombusazwe kanye nezinye izici zingaba nomthelela emakethe. Isibonelo, izehlakalo ezifana ne-Brexit kanye nempi yohwebo yase-China–United States iholele ekwenyukeni kokwenyanya ubungozi emakethe, okukhuphule intengo yezinsimbi eziyigugu.

Ukuhlaziywa kokutholakala kwemakethe kanye nesidingo

Ubudlelwano bokuhlinzeka nokufunwa emakethe yensimbi eyigugu kuyisici esibalulekile esithinta amanani. Ngokombono wokukhiqiza, ukuhlinzekwa kwezinsimbi eziyigugu ikakhulukazi kuvela ezimayini, ekugayweni kabusha kwezinsimbi ezilahlwayo, nasekuthengisweni kwebhange eliphakathi. Eminyakeni yamuva, ngenxa yemikhawulo yezinqubomgomo zokuvikela imvelo kanye nezindleko ezikhuphukayo, ukukhishwa kwezimayini kwezimayini kuye kwehla kancane kancane. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuthengiswa kwegolide kwebhange elimaphakathi kuyanda unyaka nonyaka, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokuthi ohulumeni emhlabeni wonke kudingeka badayise izinsimbi ezithile eziyigugu ukuze bathole imali lapho belungisa izakhiwo zabo zokulondoloza imali yangaphandle.

Ngokuya ngesidingo, izinsimbi eziyigugu zisetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukukhiqizwa kobucwebe, ukutshalwa kwezimali, izinjongo zezimboni, kanye nezindawo zokugcinwa kwebhange eliphakathi. Eminyakeni yamuva, ngesidingo esikhulayo sobucwebe kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali, ukusetshenziswa kwezinsimbi eziyigugu kuye kwaqhubeka nokukhula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amabhange amakhulu amazwe ahlukahlukene asebenzisa izinsimbi eziyigugu njengengxenye yezimali zabo zokuhwebelana kwamanye amazwe ukuze azuze ukuhlukahluka kwempahla kanye nokuvikela uthango.

Iseluleko sokutshala izimali

Ngokusekelwe ekuhlaziyweni kwethrendi yeMakethe kanye nobudlelwano bezidingo zokuhlinzeka, okulandelayo ezinye iziphakamiso zokutshala imali:

1. Ukutshalwa kwezimali kwesikhathi eside: Kubatshalizimali besikhathi eside, bangacabangela ukuthenga izinsimbi eziyigugu ngamaqoqo lapho amanani ehla. Isibonelo, uma izintengo zegolide zehla, ukwabiwa kwama-ETF egolide noma izitoko zezimayini zegolide zinganyuswa kancane kancane ukuze kuncishiswe ingozi iyonke yephothifoliyo yokutshala imali. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungaphinda ukhethe ukuthenga izinsimbi eziyigugu ezibonakalayo, njengezigxobo zegolide, izinhlamvu zemali, njll., ukuze uzuze ukulondolozwa kwempahla kanye nothango.

2. Ukuhweba kwesikhathi esifushane: Kubathengisi besikhathi esifushane, banganaka izindaba zemakethe kanye nezinguquko zenqubomgomo ukuze bathole amathuba okuhweba. Isibonelo, lapho kwenzeka ingozi enkulu emakethe, izintengo zensimbi eyigugu zingase zikhuphuke, futhi ukuthenga kungacatshangwa ngalesi sikhathi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izinkomba zezomnotho omkhulu ezifana nenqubomgomo yezimali yebhange elikhulu kanye nezinguquko zezinga lenzalo nazo zingaqashwa ukuze kutholwe inkambiso yesikhathi esifushane yamanani entengo yensimbi eyigugu.

3. Ukuthuthukisa i-Investment Combinatorial: kungakhathaliseki ukuthi utshalomali lwesikhathi eside noma olufushane, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuhlukahluka kanye nokulawulwa kwezingcuphe zephothifoliyo yokutshalwa kwezimali. Lapho kwabiwa izinsimbi eziyigugu, ukuhlobana namanye amakilasi ezimpahla njengezitoko, amabhondi, izindlu, njll. kungacatshangelwa. Yehlisa ubungozi bephothifoliyo yokutshalwa kwezimali iyonke ngokuhlukanisa ukutshalwa kwezimali.

4. Naka izici ze-geopolitical: Ingozi ye-geopolitical ingenye yezinto ezibalulekile ezithinta intengo yezinsimbi eziyigugu. Uma kutshalwa imali ezinsimbini eziyigugu, kufanele kuqashelwe isimo sezepolitiki samazwe ngamazwe kanye nezingxabano zezwe ukuze kulungiswe amasu okutshala izimali ngesikhathi.

Isifinyezo

Imakethe yensimbi eyigugu iyimakethe egcwele amathuba nezinselele. Ukuqonda umlando, isimo samanje, nezimo zesikhathi esizayo zemakethe, ukuhlaziya ukunikezwa kwemakethe kanye nesidingo, kanye nokwenza izincomo zokutshala izimali ezihambisanayo ngokusekelwe ezinhlosweni zomuntu zokutshala izimali kanye nokubekezelela ubungozi kubalulekile. Enqubweni yokutshalwa kwezimali, ukulondoloza ukuhluzeka kwengqondo, ukunaka ukuguquguquka kwezimakethe, kanye nokulungisa amaphothifoliyo otshalomali ngesikhathi kuwukhiye wokuzuza ukulondolozwa nokwazisa kwempahla.