Umbiko wokuhlaziywa kwephrojekthi yokucwenga insimbi eyigugu

I-"Silk Road Economic Belt" kanye "Ne-21st Century Maritime Silk Road" ehlongozwe nguNobhala Jikelele u-Xi Jinping mikhulu Umqondo ubaluleke kakhulu ekukhuthazeni umzuliswano omusha wezwe lami wokuvula kanye nentuthuko efanayo yamazwe ahambisana nomzila. imakethe yegolide yezwe lami iyavuleka kancane kancane, imboni yegolide iyathuthukiswa, kanye nemithombo yegolide yamazwe aseduze "Ibhande Nomgwaqo" Isidingo esiningi, esinamandla, kuyilapho amazwe amaningi asalele emuva ngemishini yokucwenga igolide nobuchwepheshe, izwe lami selithuthuke kakhulu Amandla okucwengiswa kwezinsimbi eziyigugu. Njengamanje, izinga elingunombolo 1 legolide le-Shanghai Gold Exchange lasekhaya selivele liphakeme kunalelo laseLondon Gold. I-Bullion Standards of the Bullion and Silver Association Exchange (LBMA). Isimo samanje sezezimali samazwe ngamazwe siyashintsha, i-international Umdlalo wezezimali phakathi kwabo uya ngokuya uba nolaka. Ngisebenzisa imishini ekhona yasekhaya yokucwenga igolide kanye nokucwengisiswa kwensimbi eyigugu Amakhono ezobuchwepheshe, ngivule ukuhambahamba kwegolide phakathi kwezwe lami namazwe eduze kwe-"Belt and Road", futhi ngidlale imakethe yegolide Ukuze kusetshenziswe isu elithi "Ibhande Nomgwaqo", ukuthuthukiswa kwemboni yegolide yasekhaya kanye nokuzinza komphumela wezinga lokushintshaniswa kwe-RMB.

1. 1. Kunesisekelo esingokoqobo sokusiza amazwe asendleleni ukuthi athuthukise futhi asebenzise imithombo yawo yegolide

Phakathi kwamazwe agudle “Ibhande Nomgwaqo”, amazwe amaningi anothile ngezimbiwa phansi. Ngokwezibalo ezingaphelele, endaweni ethi Izigodlo zegolide zamazwe omugqa wokuqala zenza ama-48% ezinqolobane zegolide zomhlaba. Izinqolobane zegolide zase-Uzbekistan naseKazakhstan eTanzania zikleliswe endaweni yesine neyesishiyagalolunye emhlabeni ngokulandelana, kodwa izimayini zegolide zala mazwe kanye nokucwengisiswa kwazo Ubuchwepheshe nemishini kubuyelwe emuva, ikakhulukazi emazweni aseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, lapho amandla okumba igolide angeke akhushulwe, kanye negolide elicolekile Imishini yokucwenga neyokubuyisela ilula, ubuchwepheshe buyinani eliphakeme kakhulu, izinsiza zokubuyisela ziyinani eliphakeme kakhulu, izinsiza zokubuyisela ziyinani eliphakeme kakhulu, izinsiza zokubuyisela ziyinani eliphakeme kakhulu lensimbi. kumoshile. Nokho, izwe lami selifinyelele ezingeni elithuthukisiwe lamazwe ngamazwe ngegolide nezinye izinto eziyigugu zokucwenga insimbi nobuchwepheshe. Uhlelo lokuklama lwe-Shenzhen Boyuan Precious Metal Technology Co., Ltd. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, amazwe aseduze ne-"Belt and Road" anomkhuba wesikhathi eside wokuthanda nokufihla igolide. Eminyakeni yamuva, amabhange amaphakathi eRussia, Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan, Laos, Qin, Turkey nakwamanye amazwe andise izindawo ezigciniwe zegolide, Isidingo sangasese segolide kula mazwe senyuke ngokushesha. NgokoMkhandlu Wegolide Womhlaba, isidingo segolide emhlabeni wonke siye sakhula ngo-50% eminyakeni eyi-10 edlule, kanti amazwe ase-Asia akhule ngo-250% esikhathini esifanayo. Isidingo segolide sase-Asia sesenze ingqikithi yomhlaba engaphezu kuka-70% wesidingo. Izwe lami lingelinye lamazwe abaluleke kakhulu okucubungula ubucwebe begolide emhlabeni, libalwa ngobucwebe begolide obukhulu kakhulu emhlabeni Ngaphezu kuka-90% wesabelo semakethe sobucwebe begolide obuyi-18K kanye no-80% ubucwebe begolide obuyi-18K.

Ngakho-ke, sebenzisa igolide elithuthukisiwe lezwe lakithi nezinye izinto eziyigugu zokucwenga insimbi namandla obuchwepheshe ukuze usize amazwe asendleleni Kuyenzeka ukumba izimayini nokucwenga izinsiza zegolide futhi kuthuthukiswe imboni yokucubungula igolide.

2. Vula indlela ecatshangelwayo yokujikeleza kwegolide ngokomzimba phakathi kwezwe lami namazwe asendleleni

Nakuba kunomehluko ezimeni zezwe, izinqubomgomo, kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezimboni zamazwe asendleleni, emazweni lapho izimo zivuma Wonke umuntu angazama ukuvula ukujikeleza kwegolide elibonakalayo phakathi kwezwe lethu nalawa mazwe. Indlela ejwayelekile imi kanje: Enye iwukuba imayini futhi icwengisise imithombo yegolide ibe izinto zegolide ezijwayelekile. Amabhizinisi aseShayina acwengisisa igolide angakwazi Ngaphansi kwenhlangano ehlangene yomklamo wezinga eliphezulu wesu likazwelonke elithi "Ibhande Nomgwaqo", amise izimboni emazweni aseduze nomzila (ubunikazi obubodwa noma ukutshalwa kwezimali okuhlanganyelwe) noma amukele ukuphathiswa amazwe asendleleni ukuwasiza ukumba izinsiza zegolide elicwengiweyo (okuhlanganisa nezimayini zegolide kanye nezimayini zegolide kanye nezimayini zegolide kanye nezimayini zegolide kanye negolide eligaywe kabusha, izinsiza zegolide ezigaywa kabusha kanye negolide eligaywa kabusha), yizinto ezisetshenziswayo kuphela ezikhokhiswayo kanye negolide lendawo. izinto. Okwesibili, ezinye izinto zegolide ziyacutshungulwa futhi zidayiswe endaweni. amabhizinisi ezwe lami akhiqiza igolide angamisa izimboni emazweni ahambisana nomzila Imboni isebenzisa igolide elikhiqizwayo ukuze icubungule futhi ikhiqize ubucwebe kanye nemikhiqizo yegolide eyahlukene kuleli, futhi izidayise noma izidayise endaweni Thekelisa endaweni yangakini. Uhlelo lokuklama lwe-Shenzhen Hasung Precious Metal Equipment Technology Co., Ltd. Olwesithathu ukuthutha ezinye izinto zegolide ziyiswe e-Shanghai Gold Exchange ukuze kusetshenziswe imali. Ezinye izinto zegolide zingaba Ngokusebenzisa amabhizinisi okucwenga igolide aseShayina noma amabhange okuhweba, lifakwa endaweni yebhodi yamazwe ngamazwe yezwe lami IGold Exchange, kanye negolide laseShanghai I-exchange yenza ukuthengiselana okuhlukahlukene kwezezimali, ukuthengisa, ukuqashisa, izithembiso, njll., futhi kuguqule igolide eliphathekayo libe impahla ye-RMB. igolide futhi ibe yimpahla yezezimali enenzalo.

Okwesine, ngaphansi kohlelo lokulawula olukhona, izimali ze-RMB zingasetshenziswa ngaphansi kwesu elithi “Ibhande Nomgwaqo” ukuze kuqondiswe Isiqinisekiso sokukhokhwa kwemali mboleko yezwe ehlukahlukene kanye nokuthengwa kwempahla yasekhaya kanye nezinsizakalo nakho kungasetshenziselwa ukutshalwa kwezimali okuhlukahlukene kokukhiqizwa kwezimali zasekhaya.

3. Umphumela omuhle wokuvula ukuhamba kwegolide phakathi kwezwe lami namazwe asendleleni

Uma umbono ongenhla ungafezeka, uzoba nemiphumela emihle kulezi zici ezintathu ezilandelayo: Okokuqala, unendima enkulu ekukhuthazeni ukuqaliswa kwesu "Ibhande Nomgwaqo". Okokuqala, kungaqhuba ukuthuthukiswa kwezimboni kanye nokwanda kwemisebenzi emazweni asendleleni. Izwe lethu linezinga elithuthukisiwe lamazwe ngamazwe legolide Lezimayini, ukucwenga kanye nobuchwepheshe bemishini yokucubungula, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi iphethwe ngokuphelele noma ihlanganyelwe ukumisa izimboni emazweni aseduze nomzila, noma ukwamukela ohulumeni basekhaya ukuphathisa ukucutshungulwa, izoqasha abasebenzi bendawo ukuze bandise amathuba omsebenzi, bakhuthaze ukukhiqizwa kwegolide, Ukuthuthukiswa kwemboni yokucubungula kungaqhubeza nokuthuthukiswa komnotho wendawo. Okwesibili wukuhlangabezana nezidingo zamazwe agudle umzila ngezindlela ezahlukene. Uma kubhekwa isikhundla esibalulekile semithombo yegolide, Amanye amazwe agudle umzila angase abe nokukhathazeka mayelana nokungabaza kwezimayini zegolide zaseShayina kanye nokucwenga amabhizinisi ukuze amise izimboni zasendaweni ngokuqondile. Mayelana nalokhu, izwe lami lingakwazi ukusebenzisa amasu anhlobonhlobo aguquguqukayo, njengokuphathisa ukucubungula emazweni asendleleni, Okusho ukuthi, izinsiza zemayini yegolide nezinto zegolide ezikhiqizwayo zingezamazwe agudle umzila, futhi amabhizinisi aseShayina athola imali yokucubungula kuphela. ukusiza amazwe asendleleni axhaphaze izinsiza zegolide.

Okwesithathu, kuhle ukukhuthaza ukuqaliswa kokusebenza kwamanye amaphrojekthi wesu "Ibhande Nomgwaqo". Umnotho wamazwe amaningi asendleleni Izinga lentuthuko lihlehla kancane, futhi amaphrojekthi amaningi esu "Ibhande Nomgwaqo" ahilela ingqalasizinda yamazwe asendleleni Ukutshalwa kwezimali kwesikhathi eside kumaphrojekthi. Lokhu kutshalwa kwezimali okwesikhathi eside futhi kuyingozi. Uma igolide lingambiwa futhi licwengwe lisuka emazweni agudle umzila Izinsiza, liguqulelwe libe yimali ye-RMB, futhi ngaphansi kokuqondisa kukahulumeni waseShayina, le ngxenye yezimali ingaba Ukuze kube isiqinisekiso sokubuyisela ezinye izikweletu zephrojekthi ohlelweni "Ibhande Nomgwaqo", ukuze kuthuthukiswe Ukutshalwa Kwezimali kumaphrojekthi ahlukahlukene emazweni ahlukahlukene ukukhuthaza ukuqaliswa kwesu "Ibhande Nomgwaqo". Okwesibili, "umkhiqizo usuwonke" wemboni yasekhaya yokukhiqiza nokucubungula igolide ngendlela "yochungechunge lwezimboni" ihambisana noguquko lomnotho wezwe lami kanye nokuphuma kwamandla. "Okukhiphayo sekukonke" ngendlela yochungechunge lwezimboni kunezinzuzo eziningi. Okuhlangenwe nakho Ngemva kwamashumi eminyaka entuthuko, ubuchwepheshe bemboni yasekhaya yokukhiqiza nokucubungula igolide bufinyelele ezingeni eliphambili lamazwe ngamazwe, kodwa okuyinhloko Ibhizinisi lisalinganiselwe ekhaya, futhi ijubane "lokuphuma" lilinganiselwe.

Uma izwe lethu likwazi ukuhlela lawa mabhizinisi futhi liwahlanganise ngezindlela ezahlukene ezifana nezimali zokutshala izimali zezimboni, amazwe aqala ukutshala izimali futhi asungule amafekthri (ngisho nangendlela yokucubungula okuphathisiwe, aphinde atshale futhi amise izimboni endaweni), ukuze kuzuzwe "umphumela ophelele" wezimayini zegolide zezwe lami, ukucwenga igolide kanye nokucubungula amabhizinisi ngendlela "yezimboni" ezithuthukisa ukukhiqizwa kwegolide, zinciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwegolide ingozi yokutshalwa kwezimali kwebhizinisi ngalinye, futhi ingakwazi Ukuqaphela ukutshalwa kwezimali kumaphrojekthi amakhulu; ngakolunye uhlangothi, izimboni zokukhiqiza nezokucubungula zibeka amafekthri ndawonye ukuze zikhiqize, zicubungule, Ukutshalwa kwezimali ngendlela yokuthengisa kwawo wonke "uchungechunge lwezimboni" kungenzeka kukhiqize umphumela wokuhlanganisa izimboni. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izinkampani eziningi zibambe Ukutshalwa kwezimali kweQembu kunezinzuzo kuzinqubomgomo nezingxoxo ezahlukahlukene, futhi kulula ukuthola izimo ezingcono. Ukwengeza, ukuthekelisa amandla okukhiqiza emazweni ahambisana nomzila kulungele uguquko lomnotho wasekhaya. Njengamanje, izwe lethu lisemandleni ezomnotho Ngaleso sikhathi esibucayi soguquko lwesakhiwo, imboni yasekhaya ekhiqiza igolide kanye nokulungisa imboni nayo ibhekene nomthamo oweqile kanye namandla okuthuthukiswa okunganele Kanye nezinye izinkinga. Ukuthekelisa amandla okukhiqiza emazweni ahambisana nomzila kulungele ukuguqulwa kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwesakhiwo somnotho wangempela wasekhaya. eceleni komugqa wokuklama uhlelo lwe-Shenzhen Boyuan Precious Metal Technology Co., Ltd. Izwe liguqula igolide libe yimali ye-RMB, esetshenziselwa ukuthenga izimpahla zasekhaya kanye nezinsizakalo noma ukuqhuba uxhaso lwezimali lwasekhaya, okuhlanganisa nokwethulwa kwengqalasizinda ethuthukisiwe yezwe lethu, kuwusizo ekuthuthukisweni nasekuchumeni komnotho wasekhaya.

4. Okuhambisana nokuzinza kwezinga lokushintshisana kwe-RMB kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwemakethe yegolide yezwe lami

Okokuqala nje, uma ubuchwepheshe bokucwenga igolide sebuthuthukisiwe kancane kancane emazweni asendleleni, buzovula ubudlelwano phakathi kwezwe lami namazwe ahambisana nomzila. Ukuzuzwa kwegolide lasekhaya kukhulisa igolide lasekhaya ngendlela efihlekile, ehambisana nokuzinza kwezinga lokushintshisana kwe-RMB. emgqeni Impahla yegolide yezwe ingena endaweni engaphansi ye-Shanghai Gold Exchange, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi iyathengiswa, iyaqashiswa noma ithenjisiwe, ikhasimende Ngokubuka, inyuse inani lempahla yokushintshisana ngegolide. Uma umtshali-zimali ogcina ethenga igolide eliphathekayo engahoxi esikhundleni Igolide elibonakalayo liyahlongozwa kumtapo wolwazi. Nakuba lezi zinto zegolide zingezamazwe nabatshalizimali endleleni, empeleni Lokhu kuye kwakha iqiniso elihlosiwe "lokufihla igolide kubantu nokuqoqa igolide ezweni" ezweni lakithi. Okwesibili, ukuqaphela ukuhlukahluka kwentengo yegolide ye-RMB kulungele ukwakhiwa kwamandla entengo egolide e-RMB. umlando Eqinisweni, amandla entengo egolide aphethwe ikakhulukazi amazwe aseYurophu naseMelika. Amazwe ahambisana nomugqa azobamba iqhaza emakethe yegolide yezwe lami futhi azoba Amandla amasha emakethe yegolide abeka inani lentengo ye-RMB, aphule isimo sokuthi izwe lami kufanele lingenise igolide emazweni aseYurophu nawaseMelika Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ihlukanisa imithombo ebonakalayo yegolide futhi yakha iphethini ehlukahlukene yentengo yegolide ye-RMB. Kusizuzisa ukuthi sibambe amandla entengo egolide le-RMB. Lapho izinga lokushintshisana kwe-RMB lishintshashintsha kakhulu futhi ngokungenangqondo, uhulumeni waseShayina angalungisa inani legolide le-RMB ukuze alondoloze ukuzinza kwenani legolide le-RMB futhi ngokufanelekile Ekwakheni usekelo lwezinga lokushintshaniswa kwe-RMB.

Okwesithathu, ukukhuthaza ngokunenhloso inqubo yokwenza i-RMB yamazwe ngamazwe. Ngokukhula komnotho wezwe lami, i-RMB kufanele ibe ngenye yezimali zamazwe ngamazwe ezibalulekile ngokuhambisana nesimo somnotho wezwe lami, okuwumgogodla wentshisekelo yezwe lethu elizuzisayo. Ukuvula ukuzungeza okungokoqobo kwegolide phakathi kwezwe lami namazwe agudle umzila kungaqaphela ngokufanelekile "imali yamazwe agudle umzila-igolide" izimpahla ezibonakalayo—i-RMB—izimpahla zasekhaya namasevisi”. Kulo mjikelezo, uhlelo lokuklama lwe-Shenzhen Boyuan Precious Metal Technology Co., Ltd. Ngaphandle kokubamba iqhaza kwezinye izinhlobo zemali zamazwe ngamazwe njengedola laseMelika, ingxenye ye-RMB ingasetshenziswa njengemali yamazwe ngamazwe njenge-renbi ngokwayo. Njengoba i-RMB yamukelwa futhi isetshenziswa amazwe agudle umzila, isimo samazwe ngamazwe se-RMB Ibhilidi lizokhula kancane kancane Ukufingqa, kuphakanyiswa ukuthi iminyango efanele ethatha izinqumo kazwelonke ingacabangela imakethe yegolide emazweni "Ebhande Nomgwaqo" Ngaphansi komklamo wezinga eliphezulu lesu, sebenzisa imishini yezwe yami yokucwenga igolide ethuthukisiwe kanye namaphrojekthi obuchwepheshe ukuze uvule ukubambisana namazwe ahambisana nomzila wegolide hhayi kuphela ukuthuthukiswa komzila. isu kanye nokuthuthukiswa okuphelele kwemboni yegolide yasekhaya Kubuye kube kuhle ekukhuthazeni ukuhwebelana kwamazwe ngamazwe kwe-RMB Emakethe yezezimali yamazwe ngamazwe eshintsha ngokushesha esikhathini esizayo, ngoba Ukuzinza kwezinga lokushintshisana kwe-RMB kwengeza ukwesekwa.