Ingxelo yeprojekthi yokucoca isinyithi esixabisekileyo

I "Silk Road Economic Belt" kunye ne "21st Century Maritime Silk Road" ecetywayo nguNobhala Jikelele u-Xi Jinping zinkulu Ingcamango ibaluleke kakhulu ekukhuthazeni umjikelo omtsha wokuvula welizwe lam kunye nophuhliso olufanayo lwamazwe ecaleni kwendlela. imarike yelizwe yam yegolide ngokuthe ngcembe ivula, ishishini legolide liphuhliswa, kunye nobutyebi begolide bamazwe asecaleni kwe "Ibhanti kunye neNdlela" Ubuninzi, imfuno eqinile, ngelixa amazwe amaninzi abuyele umva kwizixhobo zokusulungekisa igolide kunye nobuchwepheshe, ilizwe lam liye laqhubela phambili Umthamo wokusulungekiswa kweentsimbi ezixabisekileyo. Okwangoku, umgangatho we-ingot yegolide ye-1 ye-Shanghai Gold Exchange yasekhaya sele iphezulu kuneyaseLondon Gold. IMigangatho yeBullion yeBullion kunye neSiliva yoTshintsho loMbutho (LBMA). Imeko yangoku yezemali yamazwe ngamazwe iyatshintsha, i-international Umdlalo wezezimali phakathi kwabo usiba ngakumbi nangakumbi. Ukusebenzisa izixhobo zasekhaya ezikhokelayo zokusulungekisa igolide kunye nokusulungekiswa kwesinyithi esixabisekileyo Ubuchule bobugcisa, vula ukujikeleziswa kwegolide ngokwasemzimbeni phakathi kwelizwe lam kunye namazwe ecaleni kwe "Belt kunye neNdlela", kwaye udlale imarike yegolide Ukuphunyezwa kwesicwangciso se "Belt and Road", uphuhliso loshishino lwegolide lwasekhaya kunye nokuzinza kwe-RMB yereyithi yotshintshiselwano i-pole effect.

1. 1. Kukho isiseko esibambekayo sokunceda amazwe asendleleni ukuba aphuhlise kwaye asebenzise imithombo yawo yegolide

Phakathi kwamazwe asecaleni kwe "Belt and Road", amazwe amaninzi atyebile kwimithombo yezimbiwa. Ngokweenkcukacha-manani ezingaphelelanga, ecaleni koovimba bobutyebi begolide bamazwe odidi lokuqala benza i-48% yobutyebi begolide behlabathi. Uzbekistan kunye neKazakhstan oovimba begolide baseTanzania bakwindawo yesine neyesithoba kwihlabathi ngokulandelelana, kodwa imigodi yegolide yala mazwe kunye nokucocwa. Itekhnoloji kunye nezixhobo zibuyile ngasemva, ngakumbi kumazwe akumazantsi mpuma Asia, apho umthamo wemigodi yegolide awunakunyuswa, kunye negolide ecikizekileyo. imoshakala. Nangona kunjalo, ilizwe lam lifikelele kwinqanaba eliphezulu legolide kunye nezinye izixhobo ezixabisekileyo zokusulungekisa isinyithi kunye nobuchwepheshe. Isikimu soyilo lwe-Shenzhen Boyuan Precious Metal Technology Co., Ltd. Ngelo xesha, amazwe asecaleni kwe "Belt kunye neNdlela" anesithethe sexesha elide sokuthanda nokufihla igolide. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, Iibhanki ezingundoqo zaseRashiya, eKazakhstan, eAzerbaijan, eLaos, eQin, eTurkey nakwamanye amazwe anda koovimba begolide, Imfuno yabucala yegolide kula mazwe yanda ngokukhawuleza. Ngokutsho kweWorld Gold Council, imfuno yegolide yehlabathi iye yanda nge-50% kwiminyaka eyi-10 edlulileyo, ngelixa amazwe ase-Asia akhule nge-250% ngexesha elifanayo. Imfuno yegolide yase-Asia ibalele kwitotali yehlabathi ngaphezulu kwe-70% yemfuno. ilizwe lam lelinye lawona mazwe abalulekileyo alungisa ubucwebe begolide kwihlabathi, libalelwa kwezona zihombiso zegolide zehlabathi Ngaphezu kwe-90% yesabelo semarike yezacholo zegolide eziyi-18K kunye ne-80% yezacholo zegolide eziyi-18K.

Ke ngoko, sebenzisa igolide yelizwe lam kunye nezinye izixhobo zokusulungekisa isinyithi esixabisekileyo kunye nezakhono zobugcisa ukunceda amazwe asecaleni kwendlela Kunokwenzeka ukumbamba nokucokisa ubutyebi begolide kunye nokuphuhlisa ishishini lokulungisa igolide.

2. Vula indlela yentelekelelo yomjikelezo wegolide phakathi kwelizwe lam namazwe asecaleni kwendlela

Nangona kukho iiyantlukwano kwiimeko zesizwe, imigaqo-nkqubo, kunye nophuhliso lwemizi-mveliso yamazwe asecaleni kwendlela, kumazwe apho iimeko zivuma Wonke umntu angazama ukuvula ukujikeleziswa kwegolide ebonakalayo phakathi kwelizwe lethu nala mazwe. Umendo jikelele umi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: Enye kukummba kunye nokucokisa ubutyebi begolide kwizinto ezisemgangathweni zegolide. Amashishini okucoca igolide aseTshayina angakwazi Phantsi kombutho omanyeneyo woyilo olukumgangatho ophezulu wesicwangciso selizwe "Ibhanti kunye neNdlela", ukuseka iifektri kumazwe asecaleni kwendlela (i-proprietorship eyodwa okanye utyalo-mali oluhlanganyelweyo) okanye amkele ukuphathiswa kwamazwe ecaleni kwendlela ukubanceda ukumba imigodi yegolide esulungekisiweyo (kubandakanya imigodi yegolide kunye nemigodi yegolide kunye negolide esetyenzisiweyo, imveliso yegolide esetyenzisiweyo kuphela kunye negolide esetyenzisiweyo kunye negolide esetyenzisiweyo) izinto. Okwesibini, ezinye izinto zegolide zilungiswa kwaye zithengiswa kwindawo. amashishini okulungisa igolide kwilizwe lam anokuseka imizi-mveliso kumazwe asecaleni kwendlela Umzi-mveliso usebenzisa igolide eveliswayo ukucubungula nokuvelisa izacholo kunye neemveliso zegolide ezahlukeneyo ekuhlaleni, kwaye uzithengise okanye uzithengise ngaphakathi. Isikimu soyilo seShenzhen Hasung Precious Metal Equipment Technology Co., Ltd. Olwesithathu kukuthutha ezinye izinto zegolide kwiShanghai Gold Exchange ukwenzela ukuthengiselana ngemali. Ezinye izinto zegolide zinokuba Ngokusebenzisa amashishini okucoca igolide yaseChina okanye iibhanki zorhwebo, ifakwe kwibhodi yebhodi yamazwe ngamazwe yelizwe lam Gold Exchange, kunye negolide yaseShanghai Utshintshiselwano luqhuba iintengiselwano ezahlukeneyo zemali, intengiso, izivumelwano, izithembiso, njl., kwaye iguqula igolide ebonakalayo kwizinto ze-RMB. igolide kwaye ibe yi-asethi yemali enenzala.

Okwesine, phantsi kwenkqubo ekhoyo yolawulo, iimali ze-RMB zingasetyenziswa phantsi kwesicwangciso-qhinga esithi "I-Belt kunye neNdlela" ekujoliswe kuyo Isiqinisekiso sembuyekezo yeemali-mboleko ezahlukeneyo zelizwe kunye nokuthengwa kwempahla kunye neenkonzo zasekhaya nazo zingasetyenziselwa utyalo-mali lwemveliso yemali yasekhaya eyahlukeneyo.

3. Isiphumo esihle sokuvula ujikelezo lwegolide phakathi kwelizwe lam namazwe asecaleni kwendlela

Ukuba le ngcamango ingentla inokuphunyezwa, iya kuba nemiphumo emihle kule miba mithathu ilandelayo: Okokuqala, inendima enkulu ekukhuthazeni ukuphunyezwa kwesicwangciso se-"Belt and Road". Okokuqala, inokuqhuba uphuculo lwemizi-mveliso kunye nokwandiswa kwengqesho kumazwe asendleleni. Ilizwe lethu linezinga eliphezulu lamazwe ngamazwe lezeMigodi yegolide, ukusulungekiswa kunye nobuchwepheshe bezixhobo zokusebenza, nokuba ngabanini-wonke okanye i-joint-venture ukuseta iifektri kumazwe asecaleni kwendlela, okanye ukwamkela oorhulumente basekhaya ukuphathisa ukusetyenzwa, kuya kuqesha abasebenzi basekhaya ukuba bandise ingqesho, bakhuthaze imveliso yegolide, Ukuphuculwa koshishino lokulungisa nako kunokuqhuba uphuhliso loqoqosho lwasekhaya. Okwesibini kukuhlangabezana neemfuno zamazwe asecaleni kwendlela ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Ngenxa yesicwangciso esibalulekileyo sobume bobutyebi begolide, Amanye amazwe asecaleni kwendlela anokuba neenkxalabo malunga nokurhoxa kwemigodi yegolide yaseTshayina kunye nokusulungekiswa kwamashishini ukuseka ngqo iifektri zasekhaya. Ngokubhekiselele koku, ilizwe lam linokwamkela iindlela ezahlukeneyo zobuchule obuguquguqukayo, njengokuphathisa ukusetyenzwa kumazwe asecaleni kwendlela, oko kukuthi, ubutyebi bomgodi wegolide kunye nezinto zegolide eziveliswayo zezamazwe asecaleni kwendlela, kwaye amashishini aseTshayina afumana imali yokulungisa kuphela. ukunceda amazwe asecaleni kwendlela axhaphaze ubutyebi begolide.

Okwesithathu, kukulungele ukukhuthaza ukuphunyezwa kwezinye iiprojekthi zesicwangciso se-"Belt and Road". Uqoqosho lwamazwe amaninzi ecaleni kwendlela Inqanaba lophuhliso libuyile emva, kwaye iiprojekthi ezininzi kwiqhinga le-"Belt and Road" zibandakanya iziseko ezingundoqo zamazwe asecaleni kwendlela Utyalo-mali lwexesha elide kwiiprojekthi. Olu tyalo-mali lwexesha elide kwaye luyingozi. Ukuba igolide inokombiwa kwaye icocwe ukusuka kumazwe ecaleni kwendlela yeZibonelelo, iguqulelwe kwiimali zeRMB, kwaye phantsi kweliso likarhulumente waseTshayina, le nxalenye yemali inokuba ukuze ibe sisiqinisekiso sembuyekezo yemali mboleko yeprojekthi kwisicwangciso se "Belt and Road", ukuze kukhuthazwe uTyalo-mali kwiiprojekthi ezahlukeneyo kumazwe ahlukeneyo ukukhuthaza ukuphunyezwa kwesicwangciso se "Belt and Road". Okwesibini, "imveliso iyonke" yemveliso yegolide yasekhaya kunye noshishino lokucoca ngendlela "yekhonkco loshishino" iluncedo kwinguqu yezoqoqosho yelizwe lam kunye nemveliso yezakhono. "Imveliso epheleleyo" ngendlela yekhonkco yezoshishino ineenzuzo ezininzi. Amava Emva kwamashumi eminyaka yophuhliso, iteknoloji yemveliso yegolide yasekhaya kunye neshishini lokucubungula lifikelele kwinqanaba eliphezulu lamazwe ngamazwe, kodwa eyona nto iphambili Ishishini lisalinganiselwe ekhaya, kwaye isantya "sokuphuma" silinganiselwe.

Ukuba ilizwe lethu likwazi ukuququzelela la mashishini kwaye liwadibanise ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo ezifana neengxowa-mali zotyalo-mali kwimizi-mveliso, amazwe akwinqanaba lokuqala atyala imali kwaye aseke iifektri (kwanakwimo yokwenziwa komsebenzi ophathisiweyo, atyala imali kwaye amise iifektri zalapha ekhaya), ukuphumeza "isiphumo esipheleleyo" sokumbiwa kwegolide yelizwe lam, ukusulungekiswa kwegolide kunye nokulungisa amashishini ngendlela "yeqela lemveliso" linciphisa ityathanga lotyalo-mali kwishishini lemveliso, linciphisa ikhonkco lemveliso kwishishini legolide Umngcipheko wotyalo-mali kwishishini ngalinye, kwaye unokuqonda utyalo-mali kwiiprojekthi ezinkulu; kwelinye icala, imveliso kunye namashishini processing amise iifektri kunye ukuvelisa, inkqubo, Utyalo-mali ngendlela yokuthengisa yonke "ityathanga industrial" kusenokwenzeka ukuba ukuvelisa isiphumo industrial agglomeration. Ngaxeshanye, iinkampani ezininzi zibambe utyalo-mali lweQela luneenzuzo kwimigaqo-nkqubo eyahlukeneyo kunye nothethathethwano, kwaye kulula ukufumana iimeko ezingcono. Ukongeza, ukuthumela amandla emveliso kumazwe asecaleni kwendlela kuluncedo kwinguqu yoqoqosho lwangaphakathi. Okwangoku, ilizwe lethu likuqoqosho Ngexesha elibalulekileyo lotshintsho lwesakhiwo, imveliso yegolide yasekhaya kunye neshishini lokucoca lijongene nokuxhotyiswa ngamandla kunye nokungonelanga kophuhliso kunye neminye imiba. Ukuthumela umthamo wemveliso kumazwe asecaleni kwendlela kuluncedo kwinguqu kunye nophuculo lwesakhiwo soqoqosho lwenene lwangaphakathi. ecaleni kwenkqubo yoYilo lweShenzhen Boyuan Precious Metal Technology Co., Ltd. Eli lizwe lijika igolide libe yimali yeRMB, esetyenziselwa ukuthenga iimpahla zasekhaya kunye neenkonzo okanye ukuqhuba uTyalo-mali lwemali yasekhaya, kubandakanywa nokuqaliswa kweziseko ezingundoqo zelizwe lethu, kuluncedo kuphuhliso kunye nokuchuma koqoqosho lwasekhaya.

4. Ukukhuthaza uzinzo lwezinga lotshintshiselwano lwe-RMB kunye nophuhliso lwemarike yegolide yelizwe lam

Okokuqala, xa ubuchwephesha bokusulungekiswa kwegolide buphuhliswe ngokuthe chu kumazwe asecaleni kwendlela, buya kuvula ubudlelwane phakathi kwelizwe lam namazwe asecaleni kwendlela. Ukujikeleziswa kwegolide yasekhaya kwandisa oovimba begolide basekhaya ngendlela efihliweyo, enceda ukuzinza kwereyithi yeRMB. ecaleni komgca Izinto zegolide zelizwe zingena kwi-vault ye-Shailand Gold Exchange, nokuba iyarhweba, iqeshiswe okanye ibanjwe, umthengi Ngokubonakalayo, iye yandisa i-inventory ebonakalayo yotshintshiselwano lwegolide. Ukuba umtyali-mali othe ekugqibeleni wathenga igolide ebonakalayo akarhoxi kwisikhundla Igolide ebonakalayo iyacetywa kwithala leencwadi. Nangona ezi zinto zegolide zithetha ukuba zezamazwe kunye nabatyali-mali ecaleni kwendlela, ngokwenene Oku kuye kwakha inyani yenjongo "yokufihla igolide ebantwini kunye nokuqokelela igolide kwilizwe" kwilizwe lethu. Okwesibini, ukuqonda ukwahluka kwexabiso legolide le-RMB kulungele ukusekwa kwamandla exabiso legolide le-RMB. imbali Enyanisweni, amandla amaxabiso egolide ikakhulu aphethwe ngamazwe aseYurophu naseMelika. Amazwe asecaleni komgca aya kuthatha inxaxheba kwimarike yegolide yelizwe lam kwaye aya kuba Amandla amatsha kwimarike yegolide ebeka ixabiso le-RMB, ephula imeko yokuba ilizwe lam kufuneka lingenise igolide kumazwe aseYurophu naseMelika Kwelinye icala, iyahlula imithombo yendalo yegolide kwaye yenze ngokufanelekileyo ipateni ehlukeneyo yexabiso legolide le-RMB. Kuyinzuzo kuthi ukuba sibambe amandla amaxabiso e-RMB yegolide. Xa izinga lotshintshiselwano lwe-RMB liguquguquka kakhulu kwaye lingenangqiqo, urhulumente waseTshayina unokuhlengahlengisa ixabiso legolide le-RMB ukugcina uzinzo lwexabiso legolide le-RMB kunye nenjongo ekuqulunqweni kwenkxaso yezinga lokutshintshiselwa kwe-RMB.

Okwesithathu, ukukhuthaza ngokungenanjongo inkqubo yeRMB kumazwe ngamazwe. Ngokukhula koqoqosho lwelizwe lam, i-RMB kufanele ukuba ibe yenye yeemali zamazwe ngamazwe ezibalulekileyo ngokuhambelana nemo yezoqoqosho yelizwe lam, nto leyo engowona mdla ungundoqo welizwe lethu elixhamlayo. Ukuvula ukujikeleziswa kwegolide ngokomzimba phakathi kwelizwe lam kunye namazwe asecaleni kwendlela kunokuqonda ngokucacileyo "imali yamazwe asecaleni kwendlela-yegolide" iimpahla eziphathekayo-i-RMB-impahla yasekhaya kunye neenkonzo ". Kulo mjikelo, i-Design scheme ye-Shenzhen Boyuan Precious Metal Technology Co., Ltd. Ngaphandle kokuthatha inxaxheba kwezinye iimali zamazwe ngamazwe ezifana ne-dollar yase-US, i-Partization ye-RMB inokusetyenziswa njengemali yamazwe ngamazwe, i-RMB inokusetyenziswa njengemali yamazwe ngamazwe. Njengoko i-RMB yamkelwa kwaye isetyenziswa ngamazwe asendleleni, ubume bamazwe ngamazwe be-RMB I-bit iya kwanda ngokuthe ngcembe Ukushwankathela, kucetyiswa ukuba amasebe afanelekileyo athatha izigqibo kazwelonke anokuqwalasela imarike yegolide kumazwe "Ebhanti kunye neNdlela" Ngaphantsi koyilo oluphezulu lwesicwangciso, sebenzisa izixhobo zelizwe lam eziphambili zokusulungekisa igolide kunye neeprojekthi zeteknoloji ukuvula intsebenziswano kunye namazwe ahamba phambili kunye nokuhanjiswa kwendlela yegolide. Isicwangciso-qhinga kunye nophuhliso lulonke lweshishini legolide lasekhaya Kukwaluncedo ekukhuthazeni ukuthengiselana kumazwe ngamazwe kwe-RMB Kwimalike yezemali eguquka ngokukhawuleza kwixesha elizayo, kuba Uzinzo lwezinga lotshintshiselwano lwe-RMB longeza inkxaso.