Ingaba ibha yegolide eyi-1kg ixabisa njani kwaye yenziwa njani?

Isihloko: Ixabisa njani i-1kg bar yegolide? Ibha yegolide: Yintoni ekufuneka uyazi

Igolide kudala iluphawu lobutyebi kunye nokuchuma, kwaye kangangeenkulungwane, ibiyinto efunwayo kubatyali-mali nabaqokeleli ngokufanayo. Enye yezona ndlela zixhaphakileyo zotyalo-mali lwegolide yi-1kg yebha yegolide, enexabiso elibalulekileyo kwaye ihlala ithathwa njenge-asethi ekhuselekileyo. Kodwa ixabisa malini i-1kg ibha yegolide eneneni, kwaye zeziphi izinto ezinefuthe kwixabiso layo? Kule bhlog, siza kungena kwihlabathi leebha zegolide kwaye siphonononge izinto ezahlukeneyo ezimisela iindleko zazo.

Ixabiso le-1kg yebha yegolide iphenjelelwa zizinto ezininzi, eyona ibalulekileyo lixabiso langoku legolide kwimarike. Igolide ithengiswa kwiimarike zehlabathi, kwaye ixabiso layo liyaguquguquka ngokusekelwe kubonelelo kunye nemfuno, iimeko zoqoqosho, iziganeko ze-geopolitical, kunye nokuhamba kwemali. Ngenxa yoko, ixabiso le-1kg yebha yegolide inokwahluka imihla ngemihla, nto leyo eyenza kube yimfuneko kubatyali-mali ukuba bahlale benolwazi malunga nentsingiselo yamva nje yemarike.

Ukongeza kwixabiso lentengiso yegolide, ixabiso le-1kg yebha yegolide likwachatshazelwa kukusulungeka kwegolide kunye nazo naziphi na iindleko ezinxulumene nemveliso okanye ukumbiwa. Imivalo yegolide iqhele ukufumaneka kwiintlambululo ezahlukeneyo, eyona ixhaphakileyo yi-99.99% esulungekileyo, ekwabizwa ngokuba yigolide "emine". Imivalo yegolide esulungekileyo ephezulu ihlala iyalela ixabiso leprimiyamu ngenxa yeenkqubo ezongezelelweyo zokucokisa ezifunekayo ukufezekisa amanqanaba ococeko anjalo. Ngaphaya koko, iindleko zemveliso kunye nokumbiwa, kubandakanywa abasebenzi, izixhobo zokusebenza, kunye namanyathelo okhuseleko, nawo anokuba negalelo kwixabiso lilonke le-1kg yebha yegolide.

Enye into ephembelela ixabiso le-1kg yebha yegolide ludumo kunye nokuvunywa komenzi okanye umthengisi. Imivalo yegolide evela kwimithombo ethembekileyo neqinisekisiweyo ihlala ixabisa phezulu ngenxa yoqinisekiso lomgangatho kunye nobunyani. Abathengi bazimisele ukuhlawula i-premium kwimivalo yegolide evela kwimithombo esekelwe kakuhle kwaye ethembekileyo, njengoko inika uxolo lwengqondo kunye nokuzithemba kutyalo-mali.

Xa kuqwalaselwa ixabiso le-1kg yebha yegolide, kubalulekile ukuba kuthathelwe ingqalelo nayiphi na imirhumo eyongezelelweyo okanye iintlawulo, ezifana nokuthumela ngenqanawa, i-inshurensi, kunye neendleko zokugcina. Ezi ndleko zinokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kumthengisi kunye nendawo yomthengi, kwaye zinokuchaphazela kakhulu iindleko zizonke zokufumana ibha yegolide eyi-1kg. Abatyali-mali kufuneka bavavanye ngocoselelo ezi ndleko zongezelelweyo ukumisela utyalo-mali lulonke olufunekayo.

Ngaphaya koko, uhlobo lwentlawulo kunye namazinga otshintshiselwano olukhoyo lunokuchaphazela iindleko zebha yegolide eyi-1kg. Iindlela zokuhlawula ezifana namakhadi okuthenga ngetyala, ukudluliselwa kwebhanki, okanye utshintshiselwano ngemali ezinkozo zisenokubangela imirhumo eyahlukeneyo okanye ukuguquguquka kwexabiso lokutshintshiselana, okunokuthi kube nefuthe kwixabiso lokugqibela lebha yegolide. Kubalulekile ukuba abathengi baqwalasele ezi zinto xa bethenga ukuze baqinisekise ukuba bafumana elona xabiso lilungileyo kutyalo-mali lwabo.

Ukuqukumbela, iindleko zebha yegolide ye-1kg ziphenjelelwa zizinto ezininzi, kubandakanya ixabiso lentengiso yegolide, ukucoceka, iindleko zemveliso, isidima somthengisi, iifizi ezongezelelweyo, kunye neendlela zokuhlawula. Abatyali-mali kunye nabaqokeleli kufuneka baqwalasele ngononophelo ezi zinto xa bevavanya ixabiso le-1kg yegolide kwaye benze izigqibo ezisekelwe kwiinjongo zabo zotyalo-mali kunye nohlahlo lwabiwo-mali. Ngelixa ixabiso le-1kg yebha yegolide lisenokuhla linyuka, ixabiso layo elihlala lihleli kunye newonga njenge-asethi ebonakalayo iyenza ibe lukhetho olunyanzelisayo lotyalo-mali kwabo bafuna ukohlukana kweepotfoliyo zabo kunye nokulondoloza ubutyebi ixesha elide.

Yenziwa njani ibha yegolide?

Isihloko: Inkqubo enomdla yokwenza izitena zegolide

1. Ukumbiwa kwemigodi kunye nokuKhiwa

Uhambo lwegolide bullion luqala nzulu emhlabeni, apho iidiphozithi zegolide zifumaneka ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa imithambo, iinuggets kunye namasuntswana ekubunjweni kwamatye. Inyathelo lokuqala kule nkqubo kukukhupha intsimbi ekrwada ekrwada emhlabeni. Oku kunokufezekiswa ngeendlela eziqhelekileyo zokumbiwa kwemigodi ezifana nokwembiwa kwemingxuma evulekileyo okanye umgodi ongaphantsi komhlaba, kunye neendlela zale mihla ezifana nokuvuza nokugrumba.

Nje ukuba intsimbi ekrwada ikhutshiwe, ingena kuthotho lweenkqubo zokwahlula igolide kumatye ajikelezileyo kunye neeminerali. Igolide iqhele ukutsalwa kwintsimbi ekrwada kusetyenziswa iinkqubo zekhemikhali ezifana ne-cyanidation okanye ukuphaphatheka, okubandakanya ukutyumza nokusila intsimbi ibe ngamasuntswana acolekileyo. Eli nqanaba lifuna ukuphathwa ngononophelo kunye nokuthotyelwa kwemigaqo engqongqo yokusingqongileyo kunye nokhuseleko ukunciphisa impembelelo kwi-ikhosistim engqongileyo.

2. Ukusulungekiswa nokusulungekiswa

Xa igolide ikhutshwa ngempumelelo kwintsimbi ekrwada yayo, iba kuhlobo lwezitena zegolide ezingahlambulukanga, eziqulethe ubumdaka obahlukeneyo obunjengesilivere, ubhedu, nezinye iintsimbi. Isinyathelo esilandelayo esibalulekileyo kwinkqubo kukucokisa kunye nokucoca igolide ukuya kwinqanaba elifunekayo lokucoceka. Oku kudla ngokufezekiswa ngokudityaniswa kweenkqubo ezifana nokunyibilikisa, i-electrolysis kunye nokucocwa kweekhemikhali.

Ebudeni benkqubo yokunyibilikisa, iingcingo zegolide ezingacocekanga zifudunyezwa kumaqondo obushushu aphakamileyo kwiziko, nto leyo ebangela ukuba ukungcola kwahlukane kuze kwenziwe islag, ekhutshwa emva koko. Isiphumo segolide esinyibilikisiweyo sigalelwa kumngundo ukwenza imivalo yegolide, ethi ihlanjululwe ngakumbi nge-electrolysis okanye unyango lwekhemikhali. Le nkqubo yokusulungekiswa ngobuchule ibalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuba igolide iyahlangabezana nemigangatho yococeko efunekayo (idla ngokuba yi-99.5% ukuya kuma-99.99% esulungekileyo).

3. Ukumbiwa kunye nemali yenkozo

Yakube igolide isulungekisiwe ukuya kubunyulu obufunwayo, inokuphoswa kwimilo yesiginitsha yeentsimbi zegolide. Igolide etyhidiweyo igalelwa kwizibumba ezinobukhulu obuthile ukuze zenze imivalo yegolide eqinileyo yokumila okufanayo kunye nobunzima. Imivalo ke ipholiswe kwaye yomelele, ilungele ukugximfizwa ngelogo yomcoci, kunye nobunzima kunye nokusulungeka kwegolide.

Enye indlela kukuphoswa ngumatshini wokugalela weHasung vacuum bullion.

Ukongeza kwimivalo yegolide yemveli, igolide esulungekisiweyo ingasetyenziselwa ukwenza iingqekembe zemali okanye ukuvelisa ezinye iindlela zeentsimbi zegolide, kuxhomekeke kwimfuno yemarike. Ukwenziwa kwemigodi kubandakanya ukuphosa izikhenkce zegolide ezinoyilo oluntsonkothileyo kunye nemibhalo, ukudala iingqekembe ezixabisekileyo kungekuphela nje kumxholo wazo wegolide, kodwa nexabiso lazo elinokubaluleka kunye nembali ebalulekileyo.

4. Ulawulo loMgangatho kunye noQinisekiso

Kuyo yonke inkqubo yokwenza izitena zegolide, imilinganiselo engqongqo yolawulo lomgangatho iyaphunyezwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba imveliso yokugqibela ihlangabezana neyona migangatho iphezulu yokucoceka, ubunzima kunye nokuthembeka. Iisampulu zebha yegolide zivavanywa rhoqo kusetyenziswa iindlela zohlalutyo eziphucukileyo ezifana ne-X-reyi fluorescence kunye novavanyo lomlilo ukuqinisekisa ukubunjwa kunye nokucoceka kwazo.

Ukongeza, iindawo zokucoca ezihloniphekileyo kunye ne-mints zihambelana nemigangatho kunye neziqinisekiso ezivunyiweyo kumazwe ngamazwe, ezifana ne-London Bullion Market Association (LBMA) uLuhlu oluLungileyo lokuThunyelelwa, olubeka ibhenchmark yomgangatho kunye nokuthembeka kweebha zegolide nezesilivere. . Ukuthotyelwa kwale migangatho kubalulekile ekwakheni ukuthembana kunye nokuzithemba kwimarike yegolide yehlabathi, njengoko abatyali-mali kunye namaziko axhomekeke ekunyanisekeni kunye nokuqinisekiswa komgangatho wegolide legolide.

5. Ukugcinwa kunye noKwabiwa

Nje ukuba izivalo zegolide zivelisiwe kwaye ziqinisekisiwe, zinokugcinwa kwaye zisasazwe kumaziko awohlukeneyo kushishino lwesinyithi esixabisekileyo. Iindawo zokugcina ezikhuselekileyo ezifana neevaults kunye neevaults zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekukhuseleni ixabiso legolide bullion kubusela, umonakalo kunye nokufikelela okungagunyaziswanga.

Imivalo yegolide isasazwa kuluhlu olubanzi lwabathengi, kubandakanywa iibhanki ezingundoqo, amaziko emali, abavelisi bezacholo kunye nabatyali-zimali ngabanye. Uthungelwano lokusasazwa kweebhiliyoni zegolide kwihlabathi jikelele, kunye neenkampani zezothutho kunye nezothutho ziqinisekisa ukuhanjiswa okukhuselekileyo nokusebenzayo kwentsimbi exabisekileyo ukuya kwindawo yayo yokugqibela.

Ngamafutshane, ukwenziwa kweentsimbi zegolide yinkqubo entsonkothileyo nentsonkothileyo eqala ngokutsalwa kwentsimbi ekrwada ekrwada kwaye ekugqibeleni ivelise imivalo yegolide esulungekileyo, esemgangathweni. Inqanaba ngalinye lenkqubo lifuna ubuchule, iteknoloji ephakamileyo kunye nokuzinikela ekubambeni imigangatho ephezulu yomgangatho kunye nokuthembeka. Ukukhanga kwegolide njengophawu olungapheliyo lobutyebi kunye nexabiso alibonakali nje kwiimpawu zalo eziphathekayo, kodwa kunye nobugcisa obucokisekileyo kunye nobuchule obungena kwimveliso yayo. Ingaba njengotyalo-mali, ivenkile yexabiso okanye umsebenzi wobugcisa, imbali yegolide yegolide iyimbonakaliso yesibheno esingapheliyo sale ntsimbi exabisekileyo.