Ibha yegolide engu-1kg ibiza kanjani futhi yenziwa kanjani?

Isihloko: Ibiza kanjani ibha yegolide engu-1kg? Ibha yegolide: Okufanele Ukwazi

Sekuyisikhathi eside igolide liwuphawu lwengcebo nokuchuma, futhi sekungamakhulu eminyaka liwumkhiqizo ofunwa abatshalizimali nabaqoqi ngokufanayo. Enye yezindlela ezivame kakhulu zokutshala imali ngegolide ibha yegolide engu-1kg, enenani elibalulekile futhi evame ukubhekwa njengempahla ephephile. Kodwa libiza malini ibha yegolide engu-1kg, futhi yiziphi izici ezithonya inani layo? Kule bhulogi, sizongena emhlabeni wezigxobo zegolide futhi sihlole izici ezihlukahlukene ezinquma izindleko zazo.

Intengo yebha yegolide engu-1kg ithonywa izinto eziningi, okubaluleke kakhulu inani lemakethe legolide lamanje. Igolide lidayiswa ezimakethe zomhlaba, futhi intengo yalo iyashintshashintsha ngokusekelwe kokunikezwayo nesidingo, izimo zomnotho, imicimbi yezwe, kanye nomnyakazo wemali. Ngenxa yalokhu, izindleko zebha yegolide engu-1kg zingahluka usuku nosuku, okwenza kubaluleke kubatshalizimali ukuthi bahlale benolwazi mayelana nezimakethe zakamuva.

Ngaphezu kwenani legolide lemakethe, izindleko zebha yegolide engu-1kg nazo zithintwa ukuhlanzeka kwegolide nanoma yiziphi izindleko ezihambisanayo zokukhiqiza noma zokumbiwa. Amabha egolide avamise ukutholakala ngokuhlanzeka okuhlukahlukene, okuvame kakhulu ukuthi u-99.99% umsulwa, owaziwa nangokuthi "igolide elinesishiyagalolunye". Amabha egolide ahlanzekile avame ukubiza inani leprimiyamu ngenxa yezinqubo zokucwenga ezengeziwe ezidingekayo ukuze kuzuzwe amazinga anjalo okuhlanzeka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izindleko zokukhiqiza kanye nokumbiwa, okuhlanganisa abasebenzi, okokusebenza, nezinyathelo zokuphepha, nazo zingaba nomthelela ezindlekweni zizonke zebha yegolide engu-1kg.

Enye into enomthelela ezindlekweni zebha yegolide engu-1kg isithunzi nokugunyazwa komkhiqizi noma umdayisi. Amabha egolide avela emithonjeni ehloniphekile negunyaziwe ngokuvamile anentengo ephezulu ngenxa yokuqinisekiswa kwekhwalithi nobuqiniso. Abathengi bazimisele ukukhokha iprimiyamu yamabha egolide avela emithonjeni esungulwe kahle nethenjwayo, njengoba enikeza ukuthula kwengqondo nokuzethemba ekutshalweni kwezimali.

Uma kucutshungulwa izindleko zebha yegolide engu-1kg, kubalulekile ukucabangela noma yiziphi izinkokhelo ezengeziwe noma izinkokhiso, njengokuthutha, umshwalense, kanye nezindleko zokuyigcina. Lezi zindleko zingahluka kuye ngokuthi umdayisi nendawo yomthengi, futhi zingaba nomthelela omkhulu ezindlekweni zizonke zokuthola ibha yegolide engu-1kg. Abatshalizimali kufanele bahlole ngokucophelela lezi zindleko ezengeziwe ukuze banqume inani lokutshalwa kwezimali elidingekayo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, indlela yokukhokha namazinga okushintshanisa akhona nawo angathinta izindleko zebha yegolide engu-1kg. Izindlela zokukhokha ezifana namakhadi esikweletu, ukudluliswa kwemali ebhange, noma ukuthengiselana ngemali kungase kubangele izinkokhelo ezihlukene noma ukushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushintshisana, okungaba nomthelela enanini lokugcina lebha yegolide. Kubalulekile kubathengi ukuthi bacabangele lezi zici lapho bethenga ukuze baqinisekise ukuthi bathola inani elingcono kakhulu lokutshala kwabo.

Sengiphetha, izindleko zebha yegolide engu-1kg zithonywa inqwaba yezinto, okuhlanganisa inani lemakethe legolide, ukuhlanzeka, izindleko zokukhiqiza, isithunzi somthengisi, izimali ezengeziwe, nezindlela zokukhokha. Abatshalizimali nabaqoqi kufanele bacabangele lezi zinto ngokucophelela lapho behlaziya izindleko zebha yegolide engu-1kg futhi benze izinqumo ezinolwazi ngokusekelwe ezinhlosweni zabo zokutshala izimali kanye nesabelomali. Nakuba intengo yebha yegolide engu-1kg ingase iguquguquke, inani layo elihlala njalo kanye nesimo njengempahla ephathekayo kuyenza ibe inketho yokutshala imali ephoqelelayo kulabo abafuna ukuhlukanisa iphothifoliyo yabo futhi balondoloze ingcebo isikhathi eside.

Yenziwa kanjani igolide?

Isihloko: Inqubo ethokozisayo yokwenza izigxobo zegolide

1. Izimayini kanye Nokumbiwa

Uhambo lwegolide lwegolide luqala ekujuleni komhlaba, lapho amadiphozithi egolide atholakala ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa imithambo, ama-nuggets kanye nezinhlayiya ekwakhekeni kwamatshe. Isinyathelo sokuqala kule nqubo ukukhipha itshe legolide elingahluziwe emhlabeni. Lokhu kungafezwa ngezindlela ezivamile zokumba izimayini ezifana nokumba imigodi evulekile noma izimayini ezingaphansi komhlaba, kanye nezindlela zesimanje ezifana nokucwilisa inqwaba kanye nokumbiwa.

Uma i-ore eluhlaza isikhishiwe, iba nochungechunge lwezinqubo zokuhlukanisa igolide emadwaleni namaminerali azungezile. Igolide livamise ukukhishwa etsheni kusetshenziswa izinqubo zamakhemikhali ezifana ne-cyanidation noma ukuntanta, okubandakanya ukuchotshozwa nokugaya insimbi ibe yizinhlayiya ezincane. Lesi sigaba sidinga ukuphathwa ngokucophelela nokuhambisana nemithetho eqinile yezemvelo kanye nezokuphepha ukuze kuncishiswe umthelela ku-ecosystem ezungezile.

2. Ukucwengwa kanye Nokuhlanzwa

Lapho igolide likhishwa ngempumelelo ensimbini yalo, liba sesimweni semigoqo yegolide engcolile, equkethe ukungcola okuhlukahlukene njengesiliva, ithusi, nezinye izinsimbi. Isinyathelo esilandelayo esibalulekile kule nqubo ukucwenga nokuhlanza igolide lifinyelele ezingeni elidingekayo lokuhlanzeka. Lokhu kuvame ukufezwa ngenhlanganisela yezinqubo ezifana nokuncibilika, i-electrolysis kanye nokucwengisiswa kwamakhemikhali.

Phakathi nenqubo yokuncibilikisa, ama-ingots egolide angcolile ashiselwa emazingeni okushisa aphezulu esithandweni, okwenza ukungcola kuhlukane bese kwakheka i-slag, esuke ikhishwa. Igolide elincibilikisiwe eliwumphumela lithelwa ezibunjeni ukuze lenze izigxobo zegolide, ezibuye zicwengisiswe ngokusebenzisa i-electrolysis noma ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali. Le nqubo yokucwenga ngokucophelela ibalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi igolide liyahlangabezana nezindinganiso zokuhlanzeka ezidingekayo (imvamisa u-99.5% kuya ku-99.99% umsulwa).

3. Ukugaya kanye nezinhlamvu zemali

Uma igolide selicwengisisiwe libe msulwa elifiswayo, lingaphonswa kusimo sesiginesha samabha egolide. Igolide elincibilikisiwe lithelwa ezikhunjini ezinosayizi othize ukuze kwakheke imigoqo yegolide eqinile yokuma okufanayo nesisindo. Amabha abe esepholiswa futhi aqiniswe, alungele ukugxivizwa ngelogo yomcwengisisi, kanye nesisindo nokuhlanzeka kwegolide.

Enye indlela ukusakaza ngomshini wokuphonsa we-Hasung vacuum bullion.

Ngokungeziwe emigodleni yegolide yendabuko, igolide elicwengiweyo lingasetshenziswa futhi ukwenza izinhlamvu zemali noma ukukhiqiza ezinye izinhlobo zamabha egolide, kuye ngesidingo semakethe. Ukwenza insimbi kuhilela ukuphonsa izikhala zegolide ezinemiklamo eyinkimbinkimbi nemibhalo eqoshiwe, ukwakha izinhlamvu zemali ezingabalulekile nje kuphela kokuqukethwe kwazo kwegolide, kodwa futhi nenani lazo lezinombolo kanye nokubaluleka komlando.

4. Ukulawulwa Kwekhwalithi Nokuqinisekisa

Kuyo yonke inqubo yokwenza ibha yegolide, izinyathelo eziqinile zokulawula ikhwalithi ziyasetshenziswa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi umkhiqizo wokugcina uhlangabezana namazinga aphezulu okuhlanzeka, isisindo kanye nobuqotho. Amasampula ebha yegolide ahlolwa njalo kusetshenziswa amasu okuhlaziya athuthukile njenge-X-ray fluorescence kanye nokuhlolwa komlilo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukwakheka kwawo nobumsulwa.

Ukwengeza, izindawo zokucwenga ezihlonishwayo namaminti zinamathela kumazinga nezitifiketi eziqashelwa umhlaba wonke, ezifana ne-London Bullion Market Association (LBMA) Good Delivery List, ebeka ibhentshimark yekhwalithi nobuqotho begolide nesiliva. . Ukuthobela la mazinga kubalulekile ekwakheni ukwethembana kanye nokuzethemba emakethe yegolide yomhlaba wonke, njengoba abatshalizimali kanye nezikhungo zithembele ekuqinisekiseni ubuqiniso nokuqinisekiswa kwekhwalithi yegolide legolide.

5. Isitoreji kanye Nokusabalalisa

Uma izinsimbi zegolide sezikhiqizwa futhi zaqinisekiswa, zingagcinwa futhi zisatshalaliswe ezinkampanini ezihlukahlukene ngaphakathi kwemboni yensimbi eyigugu. Izinsiza ezivikelekile zokugcinwa kwempahla ezifana nama-vaults nama-vaults zidlala indima ebalulekile ekuvikeleni inqwaba yegolide eliyigugu ekwebiweni, ekulimaleni nasekufinyeleleni okungagunyaziwe.

Amabha egolide asatshalaliswa kumakhasimende anhlobonhlobo, okuhlanganisa amabhange amakhulu, izikhungo zezimali, abakhiqizi bobucwebe kanye nabatshalizimali ngabanye. Amanethiwekhi okusabalalisa amabhiliyoni egolide afinyelela umhlaba wonke, nezinkampani zezokuthutha nezokuthutha eziqinisekisa ukulethwa kwensimbi eyigugu ngendlela ephephile futhi ephumelelayo endaweni yayo yokugcina.

Kafushane, ukwenziwa kwezigxobo zegolide kuyinqubo eyinkimbinkimbi futhi eyinkimbinkimbi eqala ngokukhishwa kwetshe legolide elingahluziwe futhi ekugcineni ikhiqize izigxobo zegolide elicwengekile, ezilinganiselwe. Isigaba ngasinye senqubo sidinga ubuchwepheshe, ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe kanye nokuzibophezela ekuphakamiseni amazinga aphezulu kakhulu ekhwalithi nobuqotho. Ukuyenga kwegolide njengophawu olungaphelelwa isikhathi lomcebo kanye nenani alibonakali nje kuphela ezintweni zalo ezibonakalayo, kodwa nasebungcweni obucophelelayo nobungcweti obungena ekukhiqizeni kwayo. Ukuthi njengotshalomali, isitolo senani noma umsebenzi wobuciko, umlando wegolide legolide uwubufakazi bokukhanga okuhlala njalo kwale nsimbi eyigugu.