Ungakanani usayizi wemakethe weziko lokuncibilika lokungeniswa?

Njengesisetshenziswa esibalulekile esisetshenziswa kabanzi ezimbonini ezinjengokucubungula insimbi nokusakazwa, usayizi wemakethe weziko lokuncibilika lokungeniswa uthonywa yizinto ezahlukahlukene. Ukuqonda usayizi wemakethe weziko lokuncibilika kokungeniswa kubaluleke kakhulu emabhizinisini afanele ukwenza amasu, abatshalizimali ukuze bahlole amandla, kanye nabacwaningi bezimboni ukuze babambe izitayela zentuthuko. Lesi sihloko sizohlaziya ngokujulile usayizi wemakethe weziko lokuncibilika lokungeniswa kusuka kubukhulu obuningi.

1.Isimo samanje semakethe yesithando somlilo sokungeniswa

(1) Uhlolojikelele lwemakethe yomhlaba wonke

Njengamanje, imakethe yomhlaba wonke yokuncibilika kwesithando somlilo ikhombisa umkhuba wokuthuthuka ozinzile. Emazweni athuthukile njenge-United States, Germany, Japan, njll., isidingo sezinto zensimbi eziseqophelweni eliphezulu siyaqhubeka nokuthuthukisa imakethe yesithando somlilo esincibilika ngenxa yezisekelo ezithuthukile zokukhiqiza. Amabhizinisi alawa mazwe anezinzuzo ezihamba phambili ocwaningweni nasekuthuthukisweni kwezobuchwepheshe, ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo, nokusebenza, athatha ingxenye enkulu yemakethe esezingeni eliphezulu.

Emazweni athuthukayo ezomnotho anjengeChina, i-India, iBrazil, njll., ngokusheshisa kwezezimboni kanye nokwenyuka kokukhiqiza, isidingo seziko lokuncibilika kwe-induction sikhula ngokushesha. Ikakhulukazi e-China, njengelinye lamazwe akhiqiza kakhulu emhlabeni, imisebenzi emikhulu yokukhiqiza ezimbonini ezifana nensimbi nezinsimbi ezingenayo insimbi iqhubekile yandisa usayizi wemakethe weziko lokuncibilika kokungeniswa.

(2) Isimo samanje semakethe yasekhaya

E-China, imakethe yesithando somlilo esincibilikayo ithole ukuthuthuka okusheshayo eminyakeni yamuva nje. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izimboni zensimbi nezensimbi zendabuko zihlala zithuthukisa ubuchwepheshe bazo futhi zandisa umthamo wazo wokukhiqiza, okuholela ekwenyukeni okuqhubekayo kwesidingo semishini encibilikisayo yokuncibilikisa yokungeniswa kwamandla neyonga amandla. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngokuthuthuka okuthuthukayo kwezimboni ezisafufusa njengezimoto zamandla amasha kanye ne-aerospace, isidingo sezinto ezikhethekile ze-alloy siqhubekisele phambili isidingo semakethe sezithando zomlilo ezincibilikayo ezisebenza kahle kakhulu.

Njengamanje, ukuncintisana emakethe yesithando somlilo esincibilikisa induction yasekhaya kushubile. Amabhizinisi endawo athatha isabelo semakethe esithile ngokusungula izinto ezintsha zobuchwepheshe kanye nezinzuzo zezindleko, kuyilapho amabhrendi angaphandle aziwayo ebamba iqhaza emqhudelwaneni ngobuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe nomthelela womkhiqizo.

2.Izinto zokushayela ezithinta usayizi wemakethe weziko lokuncibilika lokungeniswa

(1) Izidingo zokuthuthukiswa kwezimboni

Ukuthuthuka okuqhubekayo komkhakha wezokukhiqiza kungamandla aqhuba ukukhula kwemakethe yesithando somlilo esincibilikisa induction. Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kwezimboni zomhlaba wonke, isidingo sezinto zensimbi eziseqophelweni eliphezulu nezisebenza kakhulu ezimbonini ezifana nokucubungula insimbi nokusakaza siyakhula usuku nosuku. Izithando zokuncibilika kwe-induction zingalawula ngokunembile inqubo yokuncibilika futhi zikhiqize izinto zensimbi ezihlanzekile nezizinzile, ezihlangabezana nezidingo eziqinile zokukhiqizwa kwezimboni zezinto zensimbi. Isibonelo, ekukhiqizweni kwezimoto, ukusetshenziswa okwandile kwezinto ezingasindi ze-alloy ezifana nama-alloys e-aluminium kudinga ukuncibilika okusebenzayo kwiziko lokuncibilikisa lokungeniswa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ikhwalithi yezinto ezibonakalayo nokusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza.

(2) Ukuqamba okusha kwezobuchwepheshe kuqhubeza inqubekelaphambili

Ukuqamba okusha okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe besithando somlilo esincibilikisa induction nakho kuyisici esibalulekile ekwandiseni usayizi wemakethe. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ngokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bamandla kagesi kanye nobuchwepheshe bokulawula okuzenzakalelayo, iziko lokuncibilika kwe-induction zenze inqubekelaphambili ebalulekile ekongiweni kwamandla, ukuvikelwa kwemvelo, kanye nobuhlakani. Isithando somlilo esisha sokuncibilika se-induction samukela ubuchwepheshe bokulawula ukuguqulwa kwemvamisa okuthuthukisiwe, okungathuthukisa ngempumelelo ukusebenza kahle kokuguqulwa kwamandla kagesi futhi kunciphise ukusetshenziswa kwamandla. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukusetshenziswa kwezinhlelo zokulawula ezizenzakalelayo kwenza inqubo yokuncibilikisa icace kakhudlwana futhi izinzile, kunciphisa ukungenelela okwenziwa ngesandla, futhi kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza kanye nekhwalithi yomkhiqizo. Lezi zinzuzo zobuchwepheshe zihehe izinkampani eziningi ukuthi zamukele iziko lokuncibilika kwe-induction, ngaleyo ndlela ziqhubekise ukukhula kwemakethe.

(3) Izidingo zenqubomgomo yezemvelo

Ngokuphikisana nesizinda sokwanda kokuqwashisa ngezemvelo emhlabeni wonke, izinqubomgomo zezemvelo zibe nomthelela omkhulu emakethe yesithando somlilo esincibilikayo. Izindlela zokuncibilika zendabuko zivame ukuhlupheka ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwamandla aphezulu kanye nokungcola, kuyilapho izithando zokuncibilika zokungeniswa zinezimpawu zokongiwa kwamandla nokuvikelwa kwemvelo, ezihlangabezana nezidingo zezinqubomgomo zamanje zemvelo. Isibonelo, alikho ilangabi elivulekile noma ukukhishwa kwemfucuza ngesikhathi senqubo yokuncibilika kokungeniswa, okunganciphisa ngempumelelo ukungcoliswa kwemvelo. Ngakho-ke, ngokuqiniswa okuqhubekayo kwezinqubomgomo zezemvelo, amabhizinisi akhethe ukushintsha imishini yokuncibilika yendabuko ngeziko lokuncibilikisa lokungeniswa ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zemvelo. Lokhu kulethe amathuba amasha entuthuko emakethe yesithando somlilo esincibilikayo futhi kwakhuthaza ukwanda kosayizi wemakethe.

3.Izici ezikhawulelayo ezithinta usayizi wemakethe weziko lokuncibilika lokungeniswa

(1) Izindleko zokuqala zokutshala imali ziphezulu uma kuqhathaniswa

Intengo yezinto zokusebenza zesithando somlilo sokungeniswa iphezulu uma kuqhathaniswa, ikakhulukazi kwezinye izinto zokusebenza ezisezingeni eliphezulu nezinkulu, futhi izindleko zayo zokuqala zokutshala ziwumthwalo obalulekile kwamanye amabhizinisi amancane naphakathi nendawo. Ngaphezu kwezindleko zokuthengwa kwemishini ngokwayo, kunesidingo futhi sokuxhasa izindleko zokwakhiwa kwengqalasizinda, ukufakwa kanye nokugunyazwa, okwenza ezinye izinkampani zikhathazeke lapho zicabanga ukuthenga iziko lokuncibilika kwe-induction, futhi ngokwezinga elithile kukhawulelwe ukunwetshwa kosayizi wemakethe.

(2) Ukushoda kwamathalente ezobuchwepheshe

Ukusebenza nokugcinwa kweziko lokuncibilika kokungeniswa kudinga abasebenzi bezobuchwepheshe. Kodwa-ke, okwamanje kukhona ukushoda okuhlobene kwamathalenta ezobuchwepheshe anolwazi olufanele lochwepheshe kanye namakhono emakethe. Lokhu akuthinti kuphela ukusetshenziswa okuvamile nokugcinwa kweziko zokuncibilika kokungeniswa ngamabhizinisi, kwandisa ingcuphe yokwehluleka kwemishini, kodwa kungase futhi kuholele ebunzimeni ekuthuthukisweni kobuchwepheshe kanye nokusungula izinto ezintsha kwamabhizinisi. Ngenxa yokuntuleka kokusekelwa okwanele kwethalente lobuchwepheshe, ezinye izinkampani zingase zibe nesimo sengqondo sokuqapha ekuthengeni iziko lokuncibilika lokungeniswa, okuvimbela ukukhula kosayizi wemakethe.

4.Isibikezelo sikasayizi wemakethe yesithando somlilo sokuncibilika

(1) Isibikezelo sezulu sesikhathi esifushane

Eminyakeni engu-1-3 ezayo, kulindeleke ukuthi usayizi wemakethe weziko lokuncibilika kwe-induction uzogcina ukukhula okuzinzile. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngokusimama kancane kancane komnotho womhlaba, imisebenzi yokukhiqiza embonini yokukhiqiza izosebenza kakhulu, futhi isidingo sezinto zensimbi sizoqhubeka sikhula, ngaleyo ndlela siqhubekisele phambili isidingo semakethe seziko lokuncibilika lokungeniswa. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuqanjwa kabusha kwezobuchwepheshe kuzoqhubeka nokuqhubekisela phambili ukuthuthukiswa nokushintshwa kwemikhiqizo yesithando somlilo esincibilikayo, kuthuthukise ukusebenza komkhiqizo kanye nokuncintisana, futhi kuhehe amabhizinisi amaningi ukuthi athenge. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yemikhawulo efana nezindleko zokuqala zokutshala kanye nokushoda kwethalente lobuchwepheshe, izinga lokukhula losayizi wemakethe lingathinteka ngokwezinga elithile.

(2) Isibikezelo sezulu sesikhathi eside

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngokuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kwezimboni ezisafufusa ezifana namandla amasha kanye nokukhiqizwa kwemishini ephezulu, isidingo sezinto zensimbi ezisebenza kahle zizokhula kakhulu. Njengesisetshenziswa esibalulekile sokukhiqiza lezi zinto zensimbi, iziko lokuncibilika lokungeniswa linethuba elibanzi lemakethe. Kulindeleke ukuthi usayizi wemakethe weziko lokuncibilika lokungeniswa uzofinyelela ukukhula okusheshayo eminyakeni emi-5-10 ezayo. Khonamanjalo, ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe kanye nokwehliswa kancane kancane kwezindleko, izinkambu zokufaka izicelo zeziko lokuncibilika lokungeniswa zizoqhubeka nokukhula, kuqhubeke kugqugquzele ukunwetshwa kwesikali semakethe.

5.Isiphetho

Usayizi wemakethe weziko lokuncibilika kwe-induction uqhutshwa yizinto ezihlukahlukene zokushayela ezifana nesidingo sokuthuthukiswa kwezimboni, ukuthuthukiswa kwezobuchwepheshe, nezinqubomgomo zezemvelo, kuyilapho futhi ebhekene nezingqinamba ezifana nezindleko eziphezulu zokuqala zokutshala izimali kanye nokushoda kwamathalente ezobuchwepheshe. Njengamanje, izimakethe zesithando somlilo ezincibilikayo emhlabeni wonke kanye nezasekhaya zikhombisa inkambiso yentuthuko ezinzile, futhi usayizi wemakethe kulindeleke ukuthi uqhubeke nokukhula esikhathini esizayo. Emabhizinisini afanelekile, kufanele abambe amathuba okusungula izinto ezintsha zobuchwepheshe kanye nokukhula kwesidingo sezimakethe, akhulise utshalomali locwaningo nokuthuthukiswa, athuthukise izinga lomkhiqizo nokusebenza, anciphise izindleko, ukuze abhekane nokuncintisana kwezimakethe.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uhulumeni kanye nezinhlangano zezimboni kufanele ziqinise ukutshalwa nokwethulwa kwamathalenta ezobuchwepheshe, zithuthukise izinqubomgomo nemithethonqubo efanele, futhi zidale indawo ekahle yokuthuthukiswa okunempilo kwemakethe yesithando somlilo sokungeniswa. Abatshalizimali kufanele futhi baqaphe ngokucophelela ukuthambekela kwentuthuko yemakethe yesithando somlilo esincibilikayo futhi babambe amathuba okutshalwa kwezimali okungaba khona. Ngamafuphi, imakethe yesithando somlilo esincibilikisa induction induction inamandla amakhulu nesikhala esibanzi sokuthuthuka esikhathini esizayo.

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