Ithini ithrendi yesidingo semakethe yemishini eqhubekayo yokukhipha ibha?

Umshini wokuphonsa oqhubekayo webha , njengethuluzi elibalulekile emkhakheni wokucubungula insimbi, udlala indima ebalulekile ekukhiqizweni kwezimboni zanamuhla. Ngokuthuthuka komnotho womhlaba, ukuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kwezobuchwepheshe ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene, kanye nokuncintisana kwezimakethe okushubile, isidingo semakethe semishini yokusakaza eqhubekayo yezinto zebha sibonisa inkambiso ehlukahlukene futhi eguqukayo. Ukuhlola la mathrendi ngokujulile akusizi nje kuphela izinkampani ezikhiqiza imishini yokusakaza ukuthi zibambe ngokunembile isiqondiso semakethe, kodwa futhi kunikeza isisekelo sokuthatha izinqumo samabhizinisi asochungechungeni lwemboni oluhlobene.

1. Uhlolojikelele Lwesimo Semboni

Emashumini ambalwa eminyaka adlule, inqubekelaphambili enkulu yenziwe kubuchwepheshe obuqhubekayo bokusakaza bezinto zamabha. Kusukela kumiklamo elula uma kuqhathaniswa yemishini ezinsukwini zakuqala eyayikwazi ukukhiqiza kuphela imigoqo yokucaciswa okulinganiselwe nekhwalithi, kuya kumasistimu okusakaza athuthukile athuthukile asebenza ngokuzenzakalelayo nahlakaniphile angafinyelela ukunemba okuphezulu kanye nokukhiqiza ngezinga elikhulu. Njengamanje, imishini eqhubekayo yokukhipha amabha isiphenduke imishini yokukhiqiza evamile emikhakheni emikhulu yesicelo njengensimbi nezinsimbi ezingenayo insimbi. Emhlabeni wonke, amazwe amaningi nezifunda zinamandla amakhulu okukhiqiza okusakaza amabha, amanye amazwe anezimboni ahola ocwaningweni nokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe kanye nokukhiqiza imishini esezingeni eliphezulu. Kodwa-ke, ngokukhuphuka kwezomnotho ezisafufusa, isidingo sazo sezinto ezisetshenziswa emigomeni sikhule ngokushesha, okwenze lezi zifunda ukuthi ziqhubeke nokukhuphula ukutshalwa kwezimali emkhakheni wemishini yokuphonsa kanye nezinguquko ezishintshayo endaweni yemakethe.

2.Ukuhlaziywa kwethrendi yesidingo semakethe

(1) Isidingo sokukhiqiza esisebenzayo sithuthukisa ukuthuthukiswa kwemishini

① Ukuthuthukiswa kwesivinini sokukhiqiza

Ukukhula okuqhubekayo kwesidingo semakethe sezinto zokwenziwa kwebha sekwenze amabhizinisi ukuthi afune ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza. Imishini yesimanje yokusakaza yamabha eqhubekayo ikhulise kakhulu isivinini sokusakaza ngokwenza kahle ukwakheka kwemishini, ithuthukise uhlelo lokudlulisa, futhi yamukele izinhlelo zokulawula ezithuthukile. Isibonelo, isivinini sokuphonsa seminye imishini emisha yokuphonsa sikhuphuke ngo-30% -50% uma kuqhathaniswa nezisetshenziswa zendabuko, okwandisa kakhulu okukhiphayo ngesikhathi seyunithi ngayinye futhi kuhlangabezane nesidingo esisheshayo senani elikhulu lamabha ezimbonini ezifana nezokwakha nemishini.

② Ukuzenzakalela kanye nokusebenza okuqhubekayo

Ukuze kuncishiswe ukungenelela okwenziwa ngesandla, umfutho wezisebenzi ophansi, kanye nokuthuthukisa ukuzinza kwenqubo yokukhiqiza, imishini yokukhipha imigoqo eqhubekayo iyathuthuka ibheke ku-automation ephezulu kanye nokuqhubeka. Isistimu yokulawula i-automation ingafinyelela ukuqapha kwesikhathi sangempela kanye nokulawula okunembile kwezixhumanisi eziningi kwinqubo yokuphonsa, njengokuxhumeka okuzenzakalelayo kwevolumu yensimbi yokusakazwa kwamanzi, amandla okupholisa i-crystallizer, ukudonsa kwe-billet nokusebenza kokuqondisa. Ukusebenza okuqhubekayo kunciphisa isikhathi sokuphumula enqubweni yokukhiqiza, kuthuthukisa ukusetshenziswa kwemishini, futhi kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza kukonke.

(2) Ukuthuthukisa izindinganiso zekhwalithi kukhuthaza ukusungulwa okusha kwezobuchwepheshe

① Ukuthuthukiswa Kokunemba Kobukhulu kanye Nekhwalithi Yokuphezulu

Ezimbonini zokukhiqiza ezisezingeni eliphezulu ezifana ne-aerospace kanye nokukhiqiza izingxenye zezimoto, kunezidingo eziqine kakhulu zokunemba kobukhulu kanye nekhwalithi yangaphezulu yezinto zebha. Abakhiqizi bemishini yokusakaza yamabha eqhubekayo bahlangabezana nalezi zidingo eziqinile ngokuthuthukisa ubuchwepheshe obusha be-crystallizer, ukuthuthukisa izinqubo zokupholisa, nokusebenzisa imishini ethuthukisiwe yokuthola i-inthanethi. Isibonelo, ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe obushukumisayo be-electromagnetic kungathuthukisa ukufana kwangaphakathi kwe-microstructure of castings, kunciphise izenzakalo zokuhlukaniswa, futhi ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukise izakhiwo zemishini zamabha; Isistimu yokulinganisa ku-inthanethi enembayo ephezulu ingaqapha ukuchezuka kosayizi webha ngesikhathi sangempela futhi ilungise amapharamitha okusakaza ngesikhathi esifanele ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi usayizi womkhiqizo uhlangabezana nezindinganiso zokunemba okuphezulu.

② Ukuthuthukiswa kokusebenza kwenhlangano

Kwezinye izinjongo ezikhethekile, njengama-alloy rods asetshenziswa kumandla enuzi nasekukhiqizeni izinto ezisezingeni eliphezulu, akudingekile kuphela ikhwalithi ephezulu yendawo kanye nokunemba kobukhulu, kodwa futhi nezimfuneko eziqinile zibekwe ekufaniseni, ukuminyana, kanye nesakhiwo esincane sesakhiwo sazo sangaphakathi. Abakhiqizi be-Foundry bathuthukisa i-microstructure yangaphakathi kanye nezakhiwo ze-bar materials ngokuthuthukisa imingcele yenqubo yokuphonsa, ukwengeza izakhi zokulandelela, nokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obuphambili bokwelapha ukushisa, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imikhiqizo ingagcina ukusebenza okuzinzile nokuthembekile ngaphansi kwezimo zokusebenza ezinzima.

(3) Izidingo zokuvikelwa kwemvelo nokongiwa kwamandla ziholela ekuthuthukisweni

① Ukusetshenziswa kokonga amandla kanye nobuchwepheshe bokunciphisa ukungcola

Ngokumelene nesizinda sokwanda kokuqwashisa ngemvelo emhlabeni wonke, imishini eqhubekayo yokukhipha imigoqo kumele yehlise ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kanye nokukhipha ukungcola. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngokwenza ngcono ukwakheka kokufakwa kwemishini, ukwenza kahle uhlelo lokushisa, nokusebenzisa amamotho asebenza kahle nawonga amandla, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwemishini kungancishiswa. Isibonelo, ukusebenzisa izinto ezintsha zokufakwa kwe-ceramic fibre kunganciphisa ngempumelelo ukulahlekelwa ukushisa futhi kuthuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokusetshenziswa kwamandla. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe begesi engcolile kanye nokuhlanza amanzi angcolile buyathuthukiswa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ukungcola kukhishwa ngokuhambisana nezindinganiso phakathi nenqubo yokukhiqiza. Uma ukususwa kothuli lwesikhwama, ukususwa kothuli lwe-electrostatic kanye nobunye ubuchwepheshe kusetshenziswa ukuqoqa nokwelapha ngempumelelo intuthu nothuli olukhiqizwa phakathi nenqubo yokuphonsa; Ngokuqalisa uhlelo lokugaywa kabusha kwamanzi angcolile, imithombo yamanzi ingasetshenziswa kabusha futhi ukuchithwa kwamanzi angcolile kungancishiswa.

② Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-Green Casting Technology

Ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bokuphonsa okuluhlaza sekuphenduke umkhuba wokunciphisa umthelela endaweni ezungezile kusukela emthonjeni. Isibonelo, ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-net shape casting eseduze kungenza umumo nosayizi we-cast billet kusondele kumkhiqizo wokugcina, kunciphise ukusetshenziswa kwamandla namandla ezinyathelweni zokucubungula ezilandelayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuthuthukisa izinto ezintsha zokuphonsa ezingangena esikhundleni sezinto eziyingozi zendabuko nakho kuyisiqondiso esibalulekile sokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bokusakaza okuluhlaza.

(4) Ukunweba indawo yemakethe ezinkundleni zezicelo ezisafufusa

① Ukukhula kwesidingo semboni yamandla entsha

Ngokukhuthazwa ngamandla kwamandla ahlanzekile emhlabeni wonke, imboni yamandla entsha iyachuma. Isidingo sezinsimbi zensimbi ezisebenza kahle kakhulu sibhekene nokukhula okunamandla emikhakheni efana namandla elanga, amandla omoya, nezimoto zikagesi. Isibonelo, izidingo ezikhethekile zibekwe ekusebenzeni kanye nekhwalithi yezinto ze-electrode yebhethri ezimotweni zikagesi, izinto zenduku zamashafu ezimoto, nezinto zenduku zezingxenye ezibalulekile zesakhiwo kumpahla yamandla omoya. Lokhu kugqugquzele abakhiqizi bemishini yokuphonsa eqhubekayo yezinto zebha ukuthi bathuthukise okokusebenza okukhethekile kanye nezinqubo ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo ezikhethekile zokusebenza kwemboni yamandla entsha, njengokusebenza okuphezulu, amandla aphezulu, kanye nesisindo esincane.

② Amathuba emkhakheni wokuphrinta we-3D nokukhiqiza okungeziwe

Ukukhuphuka kobuchwepheshe bokuphrinta be-3D kanye nokukhiqiza okungeziwe kuvule amathuba amasha emakethe emishini yokusakaza ye-bar eqhubekayo. Lobu buchwepheshe budinga izintambo zensimbi zekhwalithi ephezulu njengezinto zokusetshenziswa, futhi imishini yokuphonsa eqhubekayo yebha ingakhiqiza izintambo zensimbi ezinembayo nezihlanganiswe ngokulinganayo ezifanele ukuphrinta kwe-3D ngokulungisa imingcele yenqubo. Ngokunwetshwa okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe bokuphrinta be-3D ku-aerospace, imishini yezokwelapha, ukwenza ngokwezifiso komuntu siqu neminye imikhakha, isidingo sezinto zocingo lwensimbi sizoqhubeka sikhuphuka, ngaleyo ndlela siqhubekisela phambili ukukhula kwesidingo semakethe semishini yokuphonsa eqhubekayo yamabha kulo mkhakha osafufusa.

3.Isiphetho

Isidingo semakethe semishini eqhubekayo yokukhipha amabha senza izinguquko ezinkulu eziqhutshwa yizinto ezihlukahlukene ezifana nokukhiqiza okuphumelelayo, ukuthuthukiswa kwekhwalithi, ukuvikelwa kwemvelo nokongiwa kwamandla, kanye nezindawo zezicelo ezivelayo. Abakhiqizi bemishini kanye namabhizinisi ahlobene nawo badinga ukuqapha ngokucophelela lezi zindlela, bakhulise ukutshalwa kwezimali ocwaningweni nasekuthuthukisweni kobuchwepheshe, ukusungulwa kwemikhiqizo emisha, nokuvikelwa kwemvelo nokongiwa kwamandla ukuze kujwayelane nezinguquko eziguquguqukayo zesidingo semakethe. Kuphela ngokuqhubeka nokwenza ngcono izinga lakhe lobuchwepheshe kanye nokuncintisana komkhiqizo kuphela lapho umuntu engathola khona isikhundla esikahle emqhudelwaneni oshubile wezimakethe futhi azuze intuthuko esimeme. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, ngokuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe ezimbonini ezihlukahlukene, kulindeleke ukuthi isidingo semakethe semishini yokusakaza eqhubekayo ye-bar sizoqhubeka nokubonisa inkambiso yentuthuko ehlukahlukene futhi ephezulu esikhathini esizayo, ilethe amathuba amaningi nezinselele embonini.

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