Kuenderera mberi kukanda muchina ndeye semi-yakapedza kukanda michina inoshandura simbi yemvura kuita saizi inodiwa.

Dzidza nezvekuramba uchikandira

Continuous casting inzira iyo simbi yakanyungudutswa inoomesa kuita simbi inoenderera, iyo inozochekwa kusvika pakureba kwaunoda. Anoenderera mberi macaster akagadzirirwa kushandura simbi yakanyungudutswa kuita semi-yakapera zvigadzirwa senge slabs, maruva uye mabhiriji. Iyo nzira inobvisa kudiwa kwechinyakare ingot casting, iyo inotora nguva uye isingashande.

Kuenderera mberi kwekukanda maitiro

Iyo inoenderera mberi yekukanda maitiro inotanga nekunyungudutsa iyo mbishi muchoto chemagetsi arc kana okisijeni inoshandura. Kana imwe nguva simbi yasvika kune inodiwa tembiricha uye kuumbwa, inodururwa mumaladhi uye ichiendeswa kune inoenderera caster.

Mould: Dururira simbi yakanyungudutswa mumvura yakanyoroveswa mold uye tanga kusimba. Molds anowanzo kugadzirwa nemhangura, iyo ine yakanakisa yekupisa conductivity yekufambisa kupisa kwakanaka.

Solidification: Sezvo simbi yakanyungudutswa ichipfuura nemuforoma, inotonhora nekuoma. Ukobvu hwegoko rakasimba rinonyatsodzorwa kuti ive nechokwadi chekufanana.

Dhonza Kunze: Iyo inoenderera mberi caster inodhonza iyo yakaomeswa slab kubva mukristaro nekumhanya kunodzorwa. Iyi chiyero chekutora yakakosha sezvo ichikanganisa kunaka kwechigadzirwa chekupedzisira.

KUCHEKERA: Kana waya yasvika pakureba kwaidiwa, inochekwa kuita zvidimbu zvinogoneka senge maslabs, maruva, kana mabhiriti, zvichienderana nekwakada kushandiswa.

Kutonhodza: ​​Mushure mekucheka, zvigadzirwa zvehafu-zvakapedzwa zvinozorodzwazve mumubhedha unotonhorera zvisati zvatakurwa kuti zvigadziriswe kana kuchengetwa.

Mhando dzekuramba dzichikanda michina

Inoramba ichikanda michina inogona kuiswa zvichienderana nechimiro chechigadzirwa chekupedzisira:

Slab Caster: Michina iyi inoburitsa flat slabs ayo anowanzo kukungurutswa mumashiti kana mahwendefa.

Large Square Casters: Mahombe square casters anogadzira zvigadzirwa zvine akakura-muchinjiro-zvikamu uye anowanzo shandiswa mukuumbwa kwekushandisa.

Billet Caster: Iyo billet caster inogadzira zvigadzirwa zvine madiki-muchinjiko-zvikamu uye inonyanya kushandiswa kugadzira tsvimbo, tsvimbo uye zvimwe zvinhu refu.

Imwe neimwe mhando yekuenderera mberi caster yakagadzirirwa neyakajeka maficha ekukwiridzira maitiro ekukanda kuti uwane yaunoda chigadzirwa chimiro.

Zvakanakira zvekuramba uchikanda muchina

Iko kushandiswa kweanoramba achikanda muchina kunounza akawanda mabhenefiti mukugadzirwa kwesimbi:

1. Kuvandudza kushanda zvakanaka

Iyo inoenderera mberi yekukanda muchina unoshanda kuenderera kuti uwane yakagadzikana kugadzirwa maitiro. Izvi zvinopesana nemaitiro echinyakare ekukanda, ayo anoda nguva-inopedza maitiro akadai sekutonhodza uye kubata imwe neimwe ingots. Kuenderera mberi kwemaitiro kunowedzera goho uye kunopfupisa nguva dzekugadzira.

2. Kuvandudza kunaka

Iyo inoenderera mberi yekukanda maitiro inoderedza njodzi yekukanganisa kwakajairika mumaingots, sekuparadzanisa uye porosity. Kudzorwa kutonhora mazinga uye yunifomu kusimba mucaster inoburitsa yepamusoro mhando simbi ine yakagadziridzwa michina zvinhu.

3. Deredza kutambisa zvinhu

Nekugadzira hafu-yakapedzwa zvigadzirwa zvakananga kubva kusimbi yakanyungudutswa, inoenderera makanda anoderedza zvakanyanya marara. Iyo nzira inobvisa kudiwa kwekuwedzera kubata uye kugadzirisa ingots, zvichikonzera nzira yakasarudzika yekugadzira.

4. Mutengo-kubudirira

Kushanda uye kuvandudzwa kwemhando yakabatana nekuramba kuchikanda kunogona kukonzera kuchengetwa kwemutengo kune vanogadzira simbi. Kuderedza kushandiswa kwesimba, kuderedza mari yevashandi uye kuderedza tsvina yezvinhu kunopa kune imwe hupfumi hwekugadzira maitiro.

5. Kuchinja-chinja

Michina yemazuva ano inoenderera mberi yekukanda yakagadzirwa kuti igare yakawanda yemagiredhi esimbi uye maumbirwo echigadzirwa. Uku kuchinjika kunobvumira vagadziri kuti vapindure nekukurumidza kune zvinodiwa pamusika uye kugadzira zvigadzirwa zvakagadziridzwa sezvinodiwa.

Mhedzisiro yekuramba ichikanda paindasitiri yesimbi

Kuiswa kwemichina yekukanda inoenderera kwakakonzera zvakanyanya paindasitiri yesimbi. Kubva payakaunzwa muma1950s, kuenderera mberi kukanda kwave nzira huru yekugadzirwa kwesimbi pasi rese. Kuchinja uku kwakakonzera zviitiko zvakakosha zvakawanda:

1. Kukura kwekugadzirwa kwepasi rose

Kuramba kuchikanda kunobvumira vanogadzira simbi kuwedzera zvakanyanya kugadzirwa. Iko kugona kugadzira zvakakura simbi yemhando yepamusoro inobatsira mukukura kwemusika wepasi rose wesimbi.

2. Kufambira mberi kwemichina

Iyo inoenderera mberi yekukanda maitiro inosimudzira hunyanzvi hwekugadzira mukugadzirwa kwesimbi. Kufambira mberi mune otomatiki, masisitimu ekutarisa uye zvekushandisa sainzi zvakavandudza mashandiro uye kuvimbika kwevanoenderera mberi casters, zvichiwedzera kuwedzera kugona kwavo.

3. Makomborero ezvakatipoteredza

Kuderedza kutambisa zvinhu uye kushandiswa kwesimba kwakabatana nekuramba kuchikanda kunobatsira kune yakagadzikana simbi yekugadzira maitiro. Sezvo indasitiri yakatarisana nekuwedzera kudzvanywa kuti ideredze kukanganisa kwayo kune zvakatipoteredza, vanoenderera mberi vanotamba vanoita basa rakakosha mukuzadzisa izvi zvinangwa.

4. Wedzera kukwikwidza

Vagadziri vesimbi vanoshandisa inoenderera mberi yekukanda tekinoroji vanowana mukana wekukwikwidza mumusika. Iko kugona kugadzira zvigadzirwa zvemhando yepamusoro nemitengo yakaderera inobvumira makambani aya kusangana nezvinodiwa nevatengi zvakanyanya uye kuchengetedza pundutso.

mukupedzisa

Anoenderera mberi macaster ndiwo musimboti wekugadzirwa kwemazuva ano kwesimbi, kushandura simbi yakanyungudutswa kuita semi-yakapedzwa zvigadzirwa zvine hunyanzvi uye mhando. Sezvo indasitiri yesimbi ichiramba ichikura, kukosha kwekuenderera mberi kwekukanda tekinoroji kuchakura chete. Nezvakawanda zvakanakira, zvinosanganisira kuwedzera kushanda zvakanaka, kuvandudzwa kwehutano, kuderedzwa kwemarara uye mari-inoshanda, makanda anoenderera mberi acharamba ari pamberi pekugadzira simbi kwemakore anotevera. Sezvo vagadziri vachitora tekinoroji iyi, havango wedzera hunyanzvi hwekugadzira asi zvakare vanobatsira mukusimudzira kwakasimba uye kukwikwidza kweindasitiri yesimbi.