Ngaba uyafuna ukwenza kakuhle ukuveliswa kwe-ultrafine metal powder? Jonga ngapha.

Kwicandelo lokuvelisa eliphucukileyo lanamhlanje, iipowder zesinyithi ezicolekileyo kakhulu ziye zaba zizinto eziphambili kumashishini amaninzi obuchwephesha obuphezulu. Ukusetyenziswa kwazo kukhulu kwaye kubaluleke kakhulu, ukusuka kushicilelo lwesinyithi lwe-3D (ukwenziwa okongeziweyo) kunye neengubo zokuthintela ubushushu kwiinjini zeenqwelo-moya ukuya kwi-conductive silver paste yezinto ze-elektroniki kunye neepowder ze-titanium alloy ze-implants zonyango. Nangona kunjalo, ukuvelisa umgubo wesinyithi okumgangatho ophezulu, one-oxygen ephantsi, ongqukuva yingxaki yetekhnoloji enzima kakhulu. Phakathi kwetekhnoloji ezahlukeneyo zokuvelisa umgubo, i-atomization yamanzi esinyithi ashushu kakhulu ifumana ingqalelo eyandayo ngenxa yeenzuzo zayo ezikhethekileyo. Kodwa ngaba "ilungile" njengoko kuxelwa? Eli nqaku lijonga kwimigaqo yalo, iingenelo, imingeni, kunye nokusetyenziswa ukuze ufumane impendulo.

1. Umgubo wesinyithi ocolekileyo kakhulu: "Ilitye lembombo elingabonakaliyo" leshishini lanamhlanje

Ngaphambi kokuba uhlolisise izixhobo, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba kutheni umgubo wesinyithi ocolekileyo kakhulu ubaluleke kangaka.

(1) Inkcazo kunye neMigangatho:

Ngokwesiqhelo, iipowder zesinyithi ezinobukhulu bee-particle phakathi kwe-1 micron kunye ne-100 microns zithathwa njengee-fine powders, ngelixa ezo zinobukhulu bee-particles ezingaphantsi kwe-20 microns (nakwinqanaba le-sub-micron) zibizwa ngokuba zii-"ultra-fine" okanye "micro-fine". Ezi powders zinendawo enkulu kakhulu yomphezulu, nto leyo ebangela iziphumo zomphezulu, iziphumo zobukhulu obuncinci, kunye neziphumo ze-quantum ezingafumanekiyo kwizinto ezininzi.

(2) IiNdawo eziPhambili zeSicelo:

Ukwenziwa kweZongezo (Ukuprinta nge-3D): Eli lelona candelo lifunwa kakhulu leempuphu zesinyithi ezicolekileyo kakhulu. Iilaser okanye imiqadi ye-electron zinyibilikisa iileya zempuphu ngokulandelelana ukuze zenze ngokuchanekileyo iindawo ezineejiyometri ezintsonkothileyo zeenqwelo-moya, ezonyango (umz., amalungu esinqe, izithsaba zamazinyo), kunye namashishini okubumba. Ukuhamba kompu, ukusasazwa kobungakanani bamasuntswana, kunye nobubanzi bomda kumisela ngokuthe ngqo ukuchaneka nokusebenza kwenxalenye eprintiweyo.

Ukubumba Inaliti Yesinyithi (MIM): Umgubo wesinyithi ocolekileyo kakhulu uxutywa ne-binder uze ufakwe kwi-mold ukuze wenze imo. Le "nxalenye eluhlaza" iyasuswa kwaye itshiswe ukuze kuveliswe izinto ezincinci ezinomthamo ophezulu, ezichanekileyo nezintsonkothileyo, ezifana neetreyi zeSIM zefowuni, iziqhushumbisi zezibhamu, kunye neebhokisi zewotshi.

Iteknoloji yeSpray yoBushushu: Umgubo ufakwa kwilangatye elishushu kakhulu okanye kwi-plasma stream, unyibilike, uze utshizwe ngesantya esiphezulu kumphezulu we-substrate ukuze kwenziwe iingubo ezimelana nokuguguleka, ezimelana nokugqwala, kunye nezimelana ne-oxidation. Isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiibhlade zeenjini, kwiipayipi zeoyile, njl.njl.

Ezinye iiNdawo: Zikwabandakanya iipaste eziqhubayo kushishino lwe-elektroniki, ii-catalysts kushishino lweekhemikhali, kunye nezixhobo zamandla kwicandelo lokhuselo.

Ezi zicelo ziphezulu zibeka iimfuno ezingqongqo kakhulu kubungakanani bamasuntswana omgubo wesinyithi, ubukhulu bawo, umxholo weoksijini, ukuhamba kwamanzi, kunye nobuninzi obubonakalayo.

2. Iintlobo ngeentlobo zeeTekhnoloji zokuvelisa umgubo: Kutheni i-Atomization yamanzi ibalasele?

Ubuchwepheshe obuphambili bokuvelisa iipowder zesinyithi bunokwahlulwahlulwa ngokweendlela ezibonakalayo (umz., i-atomization), iindlela zeekhemikhali (umz., i-chemical vapor deposition, i-reduction), kunye neendlela zoomatshini (umz., i-ball milling). Phakathi kwazo, i-atomization yindlela eqhelekileyo ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo okuphezulu kwemveliso, iindleko ezilawulekayo, kunye nokufaneleka kwemveliso yezinga lemizi-mveliso.

I-atomization yahlulwe ngakumbi kwi-atomization yegesi kunye ne-atomization yamanzi ngokusekelwe kwindlela esetyenziswayo.

I-Gas Atomization: Isebenzisa igesi engenamandla enoxinzelelo oluphezulu (umz. i-argon, i-nitrogen) ukuchaphazela umjelo wesinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo, iwaphule abe ngamathontsi amancinci aqina abe ngumgubo. Iingenelo ziquka ubukhulu bomgubo kunye nolawulo olufanelekileyo lomxholo weoksijini. Iingxaki zizixhobo ezintsonkothileyo, iindleko eziphezulu zegesi, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla aphezulu, kunye nemveliso ephantsi yeempuphu ezicolekileyo kakhulu.

Ukwenziwa kwe-Water Atomization: Kusebenzisa ii-water jets ezinoxinzelelo oluphezulu njengendlela yokuqhekeza. Ukwenziwa kwe-water atomization yendabuko, ngenxa yesantya sayo sokupholisa ngokukhawuleza, kuvelisa iipowders ezingalinganiyo (eziqhekekileyo okanye eziphantse zibe yi-spherical) ezinomxholo ophezulu weoksijini, ezisetyenziswa rhoqo kwiindawo apho imilo ingekho nzulu khona, njenge-metallurgy kunye nezinto zokuwelda.

Itekhnoloji yokwenza i-atomization yamanzi esinyithi ibe shushu kakhulu yindlela entsha esekwe kwi-atomization yamanzi yendabuko, edibanisa ngobuchule ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-atomization yamanzi kunye nomgangatho ophezulu we-atomization yegesi.

3. Umatshini Wokuvelisa Umgubo We-Atomization Wamanzi Esinyithi Onobushushu Obuphezulu: Usebenza Njani?

Ifilosofi ephambili yoyilo lwe-atomizer yamanzi esebenza kakhulu kubushushu obuphezulu yile: ukwenza amathontsi esinyithi abe yi-atomized ngokupheleleyo kangangoko kunokwenzeka kwaye uwavumele ahlale engqukuva ngaphambi kokuba adibane namanzi.

Umsebenzi wayo ungashwankathelwa ngala manyathelo abalulekileyo:

(1) Ukunyibilika kunye nokuFudumeza kakhulu: Izinto eziluhlaza zesinyithi okanye ze-alloy ziyanyibilika kwi-induction furnace ephakathi phantsi kwe-vacuum okanye i-atmosphere ekhuselekileyo kwaye zifudunyezwe kubushushu obungaphezulu kakhulu kwinqanaba lazo lokunyibilika ("imeko yobushushu obuphezulu", ngesiqhelo i-200-400°C ephezulu). Ubushushu obuphezulu buyanciphisa kakhulu i-viscosity yesinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo kunye noxinzelelo lomphezulu, nto leyo eyimfuneko ephambili yokwenziwa komgubo omncinci nongqukuva.

（2）Ukugalela Okukhokelayo Nokuzinza: Isinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo senza umjelo ozinzileyo nge-nozzle yesikhokelo esezantsi. Ukuzinza kwalo mjelo kubalulekile ekusasazweni kobukhulu beentwana zepowder ngokulinganayo.

（3）Ukusetyenziswa kwe-Atomization yoXinzelelo oluPhezulu: Le yeyona nto iphambili kwitekhnoloji. Umsinga wesinyithi uchatshazelwa ngokuchanekileyo kwi-nozzle ye-atomization ziijethi zamanzi ezininzi ezinoxinzelelo oluphezulu kakhulu (ukuya kuthi ga kwi-100 MPa nangaphezulu) ezivela kwii-engile ezahlukeneyo. Uxinzelelo lwamanzi oluphezulu kakhulu lunika iijethi amandla amakhulu e-kinetic, anako ukutyumza (fensui: crushing) umsinga wesinyithi oshushu kakhulu one-viscosity ephantsi, ube ngamaconsi amancinci kakhulu.

（4）Ukubhabha kunye ne-Spheroidization: Amaconsi amancinci esinyithi atyumkileyo anexesha elaneleyo ngexesha lokubhabha kwawo ukuya ezantsi kwe-atomization tower ukuze anciphe abe zii-spheres ezigqibeleleyo phantsi kwesenzo soxinzelelo lomphezulu. Izixhobo zenza imeko-bume efanelekileyo ye-spheroidization yamaconsi ngokulawula ngokuchanekileyo umoya ongaphakathi kwi-atomization tower (edla ngokuzaliswa yigesi ekhuselayo efana ne-nitrogen) kunye nomgama wokubhabha.

（5）Ukuqina Nokuqokelelwa Okukhawulezileyo: Amathontsi angqukuva ayaqina ngokukhawuleza xa ewela kwitanki yokuqokelelwa epholiswe ngamanzi engaphantsi, enze umgubo oqinileyo ongqukuva. Iinkqubo ezilandelayo ezifana nokucocwa kwamanzi, ukomiswa, ukuhluzwa, kunye nokuxuba zivelisa imveliso yokugqibela.

4. "Ukusebenza" kwe-Atomization yamanzi enobushushu obuphezulu: Uhlalutyo olupheleleyo lweenzuzo

Ithathwa njenge "ilungileyo" kuba inceda kwiindawo ezininzi ezibuhlungu kwimveliso yomgubo ocolekileyo kakhulu:

1. Imveliso yePowder eNgcono kakhulu: Le yeyona nzuzo ibalulekileyo. Ukudibanisa uxinzelelo lwamanzi oluphezulu kakhulu kunye netekhnoloji yokufudumala ngesinyithi kuyandisa kakhulu isivuno seepowders ezithagethiweyo ezikumgangatho we-15-25μm ukuya kuthi ga ngokuphindaphindiweyo kune-atomization yegesi yendabuko, nto leyo enciphisa kakhulu iindleko zemveliso yeyunithi.

2. Ubukhulu bePowder obuBalaseleyo: Ubushushu obuphezulu kunciphisa uxinzelelo lomphezulu wesinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo, kwaye iinkqubo ze-atomization ezilungiselelweyo zibangela ukuba ubukhulu bepowder busondele kakhulu kobo bepowder ene-atomized gas, nto leyo ehlangabezana ngokupheleleyo neemfuno zokuprinta kwe-3D kunye ne-MIM.

3. Umxholo weOksijini ophantsi kakhulu: Nangona ukusebenzisa amanzi njengendlela yokucoca amanzi kuzisa umngcipheko weOksijini, iindlela ezifana noyilo olucwangcisiweyo lwemibhobho, ukuzalisa igumbi le-atomization ngegesi ekhuselayo, kunye nokongeza ii-antioxidants ezifanelekileyo kunokulawula ngokufanelekileyo umxholo weOksijini kumanqanaba aphantsi (kwii-alloys ezininzi, ngaphantsi kwe-500 ppm), ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezininzi zokusetyenziswa.

4. Inzuzo Ebalulekileyo Yeendleko Zemveliso: Xa kuthelekiswa ne-atomization yegesi kusetyenziswa iigesi ezibizayo ezingasebenziyo, ixabiso lamanzi liphantse libe lincinci. Utyalo-mali kwizixhobo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla okusebenza kukwaphantsi kunezixhobo ze-atomization yegesi ezivelisa imveliso efanayo, nto leyo enika ithuba loqoqosho kwimveliso yemizi-mveliso emikhulu.

5. Ukuguquguquka kwezinto ezibanzi: Ifanelekile ukuvelisa iipowders ukusuka kwii-alloys ezisekwe kwi-iron, nickel, cobalt ukuya kwii-alloys ze-copper, ii-alloys ze-aluminium, ii-alloys ze-tin, njl.njl., nto leyo ebonisa ukuguquguquka okukhulu.

5. Izithunzi Ezijongwa Phantsi Kwesi sizathu: Ukujonga Ngobuchule Imingeni Nemida Yazo

Akukho teknoloji igqibeleleyo; i-atomization yamanzi ashushu aphezulu inemida yayo efanelekileyo kunye nobunzima bokuyoyisa:

1. Kwizinyithi Ezisebenza Kakhulu: Kwiinyithi ezisebenzayo ezifana nee-titanium alloys, i-tantalum, kunye ne-niobium, ezisengozini enkulu ye-oxidation, umngcipheko we-oxidation ovela kwi-water medium uhlala uphezulu, okwenza kube nzima ukuvelisa umgubo onomxholo we-oxygen ophantsi kakhulu (umz., <200 ppm). Ezi zinto okwangoku ziyinxalenye yetekhnoloji efana ne-inert gas atomization okanye inkqubo ye-plasma rotating electrode (PREP).

2. Isiganeko "sokujika i-Satellite": Ngexesha lokwenziwa kwe-atomization, ezinye iipowder ezincinci ezisele ziqinile okanye eziqinileyo zinokuchaphazela amathontsi amakhulu kwaye zinamathele kuwo, zenze "iibhola zesathelayithi," ezinokuchaphazela ukuhamba komgubo kunye nokusasazeka kwawo. Kufuneka kuncitshiswe ngokuphucula iiparameter zenkqubo.

3. Ubunzima boLawulo lweNkqubo: Ukuvelisa umgubo osemgangathweni ophezulu ngokuzinzileyo kufuna ulawulo oluchanekileyo lweparameters ezininzi ezifana nobushushu besinyithi, uxinzelelo lwamanzi, isantya sokuhamba kwamanzi, ulwakhiwo lwe-nozzle, kunye nolawulo lomoya, nto leyo emele umqobo ophezulu wobuchwephesha.

4. Ukuphinda kusetyenziswe amanzi kunye nokucocwa kwawo: Imveliso enkulu ifuna iinkqubo zokupholisa ezisebenza kakuhle zokujikeleza kwamanzi kunye neenkqubo zonyango lwamanzi amdaka, nto leyo eyongeza ubunzima kwiindawo ezincedisayo.

6. Isiphelo: Ngaba Ilungile Kangako?

Impendulo yile: Kwicandelo layo lobuchwephesha, ewe, "ilungile kakhulu" ngokwenene.

Umatshini wokuvelisa i-atomization powder wesinyithi oshushu kakhulu awujolisi ukutshintsha zonke ezinye iiteknoloji zokuvelisa i-powder. Endaweni yoko, usebenza njengesisombululo sobugcisa esifezekisa ulungelelwaniso oluhle phakathi kokusebenza kakuhle, iindleko eziphantsi, kunye nomgangatho ophezulu, nto leyo ehlangabezana kakhulu nemfuno ekhulayo yemarike yee-powders zesinyithi ezingqukuva ezicolekileyo kakhulu.

Ukuba injongo yakho ephambili kukuvelisa iipowders ezicolekileyo kakhulu ngezinto ezifana nentsimbi engatyiwayo, intsimbi yesixhobo, iialloys ezishushu kakhulu, iialloys ze-cobalt-chromium, iialloys zekopolo, ezisetyenziselwa ukushicilela nge-3D, i-MIM, ukutshiza ngobushushu, njl.njl., kwaye uneemfuno eziphezulu zokulawula iindleko, ngoko ke iteknoloji ye-atomization yamanzi ashushu kakhulu ngokuqinisekileyo lukhetho olunomtsalane kakhulu nolukhuphisanayo. Yenza "ukukwazi" ukuvelisa umgubo wesinyithi ocolekileyo kakhulu kube lula.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba imveliso yakho yi-titanium alloy okanye ezinye iipowder zesinyithi ezisebenzayo ezifuna ulawulo oluphezulu lomxholo weoksijini kwizicelo zeenqwelo-moya eziphezulu, kunokufuneka ucinge ngezinye iindlela ezifana ne-inert gas atomization ebiza kakhulu okanye i-plasma atomization technology.

Ngamafutshane, umatshini wokuvelisa i-atomization powder wesinyithi oshushu kakhulu yimpumelelo ebalulekileyo kuphuhliso lwetekhnoloji yanamhlanje ye-powder metallurgy. Usebenzisa ingcinga entsha ukusombulula i-矛盾 yendabuko (maodun: ukuphikisana) phakathi komgangatho kunye neendleko, ibe yenye injini enamandla eqhuba uphuhliso lwemveliso ephezulu. Xa ukhetha, ukuqonda ngokupheleleyo iipropati zakho zezinto, iimfuno zemveliso, kunye neengenelo kunye neengxaki zobuchwepheshe kubalulekile ekwenzeni isigqibo esilumkileyo kunye "nobuchule" bokuvelisa i-powder yesinyithi ecolekileyo kakhulu.