Umahluko phakathi komatshini wokuphosa oqhubekayo kunye nomatshini wokuphosa we-vacuum ingot

Funda izinto ezisisiseko

Umatshini wokugalela ingot yevacuum

I-vacuum ingot casting yinkqubo yokuthululela isinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo kwi-mold phantsi kweemeko ze-vacuum. Indlela ibaluleke kakhulu kwiintsimbi ezihlambulukileyo kunye ne-alloys kuba indawo ye-vacuum inciphisa umngcipheko wokungcoliswa kweegesi kunye nokungcola. Inkqubo ibandakanya la manyathelo alandelayo:

1. Ukunyibilika: Isinyithi siyancibilika kwisithando somlilo, ngokuqhelekileyo sisebenzisa ukufudumala kwe-induction okanye iindlela ze-arc.

2. Ukuveliswa kweVacuum: Yenza i-vacuum kwigumbi lokuphosa ukuphelisa umoya kunye nezinye iigesi.

3. Ukugalela: Ukugalela isinyithi esityhidiweyo kwi-mold preheated phantsi kweemeko ze-vacuum.

4. Ukupholisa: Isinyithi siqina kwi-mold ukwenza i-ingot.

5. I-De-mold: Emva kokupholisa, i-ingot iyasuswa kwi-mold ukuze iqhubekele phambili.

Umatshini wokuphosa oqhubekayo

Ukuphosa ngokuqhubekayo, kwelinye icala, yinkqubo apho isinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo sigalelwa ngokuqhubekayo kwi-mold kwaye siqina njengoko sikhutshwa. Le ndlela isetyenziselwa ngokubanzi ukuvelisa amacandelo amade afana neebhilidi, ii-slabs kunye neentyantyambo. Iinkqubo zokusahla eziqhubekayo ziquka:

1. Ukunyibilika: Ngokufana nokuphosa i-ingot, isinyithi siyancibilika kwisithando somlilo.

2. Ukugalela: Galela isinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo kwi-mold epholile ngamanzi.

3. Ukuqina: Njengoko isinyithi sidlula kwi-mold, iqala ukuqina.

4. Phuma: Isinyithi esiqinileyo siphuma ngokuqhubekayo kwi-mold, ngokuqhelekileyo ngoncedo lwe-roller.

5. Ukusika: Sika ucingo oluqhubekayo kubude obufunekayo ukuze kuqhutywe phambili.

Umahluko ophambili

1. Ifomathi yokuphosa

Owona mahluko ucacileyo phakathi kwezi ndlela zimbini luhlobo lwemveliso yokugqibela. I-vacuum ingot casting ivelisa ii-ingots ezicacileyo, ngokuqhelekileyo iibhloko ezixande, ngelixa ukuphosa okuqhubekayo kuvelisa iimilo ezide, eziqhubekayo ezifana ne-slabs, iibhilithi, okanye iintyatyambo. Lo mahluko usisiseko uchaphazela inkqubo elandelayo kunye nokusetyenziswa kokusaswa.

2. Ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso

Oomatshini bokuphosa abaqhubekayo basebenza ngakumbi kunoomatshini bokulahla i-vacuum ingot. Iinkqubo eziqhubekayo zivumela ukukhutshwa okuphezulu ngenxa yokuba isinyithi esityhidiweyo sihlala sisondliwa kwi-mold. Oku kunciphisa ixesha lokuphumla kwaye kwandisa imveliso, ukwenza ukuphosa okuqhubekayo ukhetho lokuqala kwimveliso enkulu.

3. Ubunyulu bezinto eziphathekayo

I-vacuum ingot casting isetyenziselwa ngokukodwa ukuvelisa iintsimbi ezicocekileyo. Ubume be-vacuum bunciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko we-oxidation kunye nokungcoliswa, okwenza kube yinto efanelekileyo kwizicelo ezifuna imigangatho engqongqo yokucoceka, njenge-aerospace kunye namashishini onyango. Ukuphoswa ngokuqhubekayo, ngelixa likwazi ukuvelisa imveliso ephezulu, akunakufikelela kwinqanaba elifanayo lokucoceka ngenxa yokuvezwa kwesinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo kwiimeko ze-atmospheric.

4. Izinga lokupholisa kunye neMicrostructure

Izinga lokupholisa isinyithi ngexesha lokuqina lichaphazela i-microstructure yayo kunye neempawu zomatshini. Kwi-vacuum ingot casting, izinga lokupholisa lingalawulwa ngokuhlengahlengisa ubushushu bokubumba kunye nemeko yokupholisa. Ngokwahlukileyo, ukuphosa okuqhubekayo ngokuqhelekileyo kunamazinga okupholisa ngokukhawuleza ngenxa yokubumba okupholiswe ngamanzi, okunokukhokelela kwiimpawu ezahlukeneyo ze-microstructural. Lo mahluko uchaphazela iimpawu zomatshini zemveliso yokugqibela, njengamandla kunye ne-ductility.

5. Ukuguquguquka kunye nokwenza ngokwezifiso

Ukuphosa ingot yevacuum kunika ukuguquguquka okukhulu ekwenzeni ngokwezifiso. Inkqubo inokuvelisa i-ingots yeemilo ezahlukeneyo kunye nobukhulu ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezithile zabathengi. Ukusasa okuqhubekayo, ngelixa kusebenza kakuhle, kudla ngokukhawulelwa kwiimilo ezisemgangathweni kunye nobukhulu, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ingakwazi ukulungelelanisa kwiinkcukacha ezizodwa.

6. Ukuqwalaselwa kweendleko

Ngenxa yobunzima babo kunye nobuchwepheshe obubandakanyekayo, utyalo-mali lokuqala lwe-caster eqhubekayo luhlala luphezulu kune-vacuum ingot caster. Nangona kunjalo, ukuphosa okuqhubekayo kunokuba neendleko zokusebenza eziphantsi ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo okuphezulu kunye neemfuno eziphantsi zabasebenzi. Ngokwahlukileyo, ukufakwa kwe-vacuum ingot kunokuba neendleko zokuqala eziphantsi kodwa kunokufumana iindleko eziphezulu zokusebenza ngenxa yokucotha kwamazinga emveliso.

Isicelo

Umatshini wokugalela ingot yevacuum

I-vacuum ingot casting idla ngokusetyenziswa kumashishini afuna iintsimbi ezicocekileyo. Ezinye izicelo eziqhelekileyo ziquka:

I-1.Izixhobo ze-Aerospace: I-alloys yokusebenza ephezulu esetyenziswa kwii-injini zeenqwelo-moya kunye nezakhiwo zesakhiwo.

I-2.Izixhobo zoNyango: Izinto ezihambelana ne-Biocompatible zokufakelwa kunye nezixhobo zotyando.

I-3.I-Specialty Alloys: Ivelisa iintsimbi ezicocekileyo ze-elektroniki kunye nezicelo ze-semiconductor.

Umatshini wokuphosa oqhubekayo

Ukuphosa okuqhubekayo kusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kumashishini afuna ubuninzi beemveliso zetsimbi. Usetyenziso oluqhelekileyo lubandakanya:

I-1.Imveliso yeSteel: Ukwenziwa kweeplate zetsimbi, iibhilidi kunye ne-slabs ezisetyenziselwa ukwakhiwa kunye nokuvelisa.

I-2.Iimveliso zeAluminium: Ukuveliswa kwamaphepha e-aluminium kunye neeprofayili kwimizi-mveliso yeemoto kunye nokupakisha.

Ubhedu kunye nobhedu: Ukwenziwa ngokuqhubekayo kweemveliso zobhedu kunye nobhedu kusetyenziso lombane kunye nemibhobho yamanzi.

ukuququmbela

Isishwankathelo, bobabini oomatshini bokuphosa i-vacuum ingot kunye noomatshini bokuphosa ngokuqhubekayo badlala indima ebalulekileyo kwishishini lokuphosa isinyithi, kwaye nganye ineenzuzo zayo ezizodwa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwayo. Ukhetho phakathi kweendlela ezimbini kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa ukucoceka kwesinyithi esifunekayo, ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso kunye neemfuno ezithile zesicelo. Ukuqonda umahluko phakathi kobu bugcisa bokuphosa kubalulekile kubavelisi kunye neenjineli ukuba bakhethe indlela ehambelana neemfuno zabo, ukuqinisekisa ukuveliswa kweemveliso zetsimbi ezikumgangatho ophezulu ezihlangabezana nemigangatho yoshishino.