Wazi kangakanani malunga nokusetyenziswa koomatshini bokuphosa ngokuqhubekayo kwisinyithi esixabisekileyo?

Wazi kangakanani malunga nokusetyenziswa koomatshini bokuphosa ngokuqhubekayo kwisinyithi esixabisekileyo?

Oomatshini bokuphosa ngokuqhubekayo baziwa ngokuba ngoomatshini bokuphosa besinyithi, abayindlela ephambili yokuphosa umzobo. Umgaqo wayo wokusebenza kukunyibilikisa iintsimbi ezingenayo i-ferrous phantsi kokufudumeza kwe-induction, ngokuqhubekayo ugalele kwi-mold yesinyithi ekhethekileyo ebizwa ngokuba yi-crystallizer, kwaye emva koko ukhuphe ukuphosa okuqinisiweyo (oku-crusted). Esinye isiphelo segumbi lokuphosa sisetyenziselwa ukufumana ukubunjwa kwayo nayiphi na ubude, imilo, kunye nobude obuthile.

Umatshini wokuphosa oqhubekayo uphuhliswe ngokukodwa ukuphosa iipleyiti ze-alloy, imivalo engqukuva, imivalo yesikwere, imivalo yoxande, iityhubhu ezingqukuva, kunye nezinye iimilo zegolide, i-K-igolide, isilivere kunye nezinye iintsimbi ezixabisekileyo. Isetyenziswa kakhulu ekusetyenzweni kwentsimbi, ukusetyenzwa kwezacholo zegolide esele igqityiwe, izityalo zokunyibilikisa isinyithi, iiplanti zokulungisa inkqubo yesinyithi, amaziko ophando, iilabhoratri, izikolo, ukunyibilikiswa kwesinyithi esixabisekileyo kunye namanye amashishini. Ukuphucula imveliso yemveliso kunye nomgangatho yimfuneko yomatshini wokuvelisa kunye nokuveliswa kwezinto zetsimbi, kunye nokuphuhliswa kweemveliso ze-metallurgical industry.

Oomatshini bokuphosa abaqhubekayo bohlulwe babayi-vacuum kunye ne-non vacuum, uyazi? Kukho umahluko omkhulu phakathi kwabo, kwaye ndiza kubazisa ngokweenkcukacha ngokulandelayo.

Okokuqala, kukho ukwakhiwa komatshini ophezulu. Isakhiwo se-vacuum sidinga iqondo eliphezulu le-vacuum kwi-cylinder yokuphosa. Ukongeza, impompo yokucoca kufuneka yongezwe. Oomatshini bokugalela be-non-vacuum abaqhubekayo abanazo ezi mfuno zimbini.

Okwesibini, ngokwembono yokusebenza. I-vacuum kufuneka iqhutywe isithando somlilo, oku kuthetha ukuba i-furnace material iphonswe kanye ngexesha ngalinye, kwaye emva kokugqiba yonke imisebenzi yokudweba, umjikelo wesibini wokusebenza uphinde uqhutywe kwakhona. Le ndlela yokusebenza icotha kwaye inzima. Ukusebenza koomatshini abangasebenziyo banokuba lula ngakumbi ngokunyibilika kwangaxeshanye, ukukhokelela ezantsi, kunye nokongeza imathiriyeli.

Okwesithathu, umahluko phakathi kweemveliso zokugalela kunye neemveliso zevacuum ngumxholo ophantsi weoksijini, olungele ukusetyenzwa kwemveliso yemizi mveliso, njengeingcingo zokubopha, izinto ze-elektroniki, kunye neemveliso ezingezizo zokucoca. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba umxholo we-oksijini uphezulu kuneemveliso ze-vacuum, ukuxinana kwemveliso kuyafana, okwenza kube yinto ekhethwayo yokuvelisa ubucwebe kunye neemfuno eziphezulu.

Okwesine, ukusetyenziswa kwegesi yokukhusela kubhekisela kwi-nitrogen okanye i-argon gas, kwaye enye kuphela ingasetyenziswa. Umsebenzi oyintloko kukunciphisa ilahleko ebangelwa yi-oxidation yensimbi. Bobabini oomatshini bokutshiza kunye noomatshini abangeyiyo ukucoca baxhotyiswe ngeempawu zokukhusela igesi.