Indlela yokuphumeza ngokupheleleyo igolide kunye nesilivere ingot casting?

Kwishishini lanamhlanje elixabisekileyo lokulungisa isinyithi, ii-ingots zegolide kunye nesilivere, njengeyona ndlela ibalulekileyo yemveliso, zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiindawo zokugcina imali, ukwenza ubucwebe kunye nezinye iinkalo. Ngophuhliso olukhawulezayo lwetekhnoloji, iindlela zokuphosa ingot yegolide yemveli kunye nesilivere ngokuthe ngcembe azikwazi ukuhlangabezana nemfuno ekhulayo yemveliso kunye nemigangatho yomgangatho.

Ukufezekisa i-automated yegolide kunye nesilivere ye-ingot casting ayinakuphucula kakhulu ukusebenza kwemveliso kunye nokunciphisa iindleko zabasebenzi, kodwa nokuphucula ngokufanelekileyo ukuzinza kunye nokuhambelana komgangatho wemveliso. Ke ngoko, ukuphonononga kunye nokusebenzisa itekhnoloji yegolide kunye nesilivere yokuphosa ingot ibe yinto engenakuthintelwa kuphuhliso lweshishini.

1. Unyino lweendlela zegolide zemveli kunye nesilivere ye-ingot

Igolide yemveli kunye nesilivere ingot casting ngokuqhelekileyo ixhomekeke ekusebenzeni ngesandla, ukusuka ekunyibilikeni kunye nokuphosa izinto zegolide kunye nesilivere ekrwada ukuya ekuqhubeni okulandelayo, ikhonkco ngalinye lifuna ukubandakanyeka kwabantu ngokusondeleyo. Kwinqanaba lokunyibilikisa, ukuchaneka kobushushu bezandla kunye nolawulo lwexesha lilinganiselwe, elinokuthi likhokelela ngokulula kumgangatho ongazinzanga wegolide kunye nolwelo lwesilivere, oluchaphazela ukucoceka kunye nombala we-ingot yokugqibela.

Ngexesha lenkqubo yokuphosa, kunzima ukuqinisekisa ukufana kwesantya sokuhamba kunye nesantya sokuhamba ngokugalela ngesandla igolide kunye nolwelo lwesilivere, okubangela ukuchaneka okungahambi kakuhle kunye nokunyuka komphezulu we-ingot. Ngaphezu koko, ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso yomsebenzi wezandla kuphantsi, okwenza kube nzima ukufikelela kwimveliso enkulu kunye nokuqhubekayo, kwaye iindleko zabasebenzi ziphezulu kakhulu. Ukongeza, ukusebenza ngesandla kuphenjelelwa kakhulu zizinto ezinjengobuchule bomsebenzi kunye nesimo somsebenzi, okwenza kube nzima ukuqinisekisa ngokufanelekileyo ukuhambelana komgangatho wemveliso.

2. Itekhnoloji eziphambili zokusasa ingot yegolide nesilivere

(1) Itekhnoloji yoLawulo oluzenzekelayo

Itekhnoloji yolawulo oluzenzekelayo ngundoqo wokuphumeza ngokupheleleyo igolide kunye nesiliva ingot casting. Yonke inkqubo yokuphosa inokulawulwa ngokuchanekileyo ngenkqubo yokulawula ingqiqo (PLC) okanye inkqubo yokulawula ikhompyutha. Ukusuka kwisondlo esizenzekelayo kwizinto eziluhlaza, ulawulo oluchanekileyo lobushushu obunyibilikayo kunye nexesha, ukuya kwisantya sokuhamba, izinga lokuhamba, kunye nokuvulwa nokuvala isikhunta, zonke zingenziwa ngokuzenzekelayo ngokweenkqubo ezicwangcisiweyo. Ngokomzekelo, ngexesha lokunyibilika, inkqubo inokulawula ngokuchanekileyo amandla okufudumala kunye nexesha elisekelwe kwiimpawu zegolide kunye nesilivere yezinto eziluhlaza kunye neemfuno zomgangatho we-ingot ekujoliswe kuyo, ukuqinisekisa ukuba igolide kunye nesilivere yesiliva ifikelela kwindawo efanelekileyo yokunyibilika. Ngethuba lenkqubo yokuphosa, ukubeka iliso kwangempela kweeparitha zokuphosa kunokufezekiswa ngokusebenzisa i-sensors kunye nempendulo inokunikwa kwinkqubo yokulawula ukulungelelanisa ngokuzenzekelayo isantya sokuphosa kunye nesantya sokuhamba, ukuqinisekisa umgangatho ozinzile we-ingot.

(2) Uyilo lokungunda oluchanekileyo oluchanekileyo kunye nokuveliswa

Iimolds ezichaneke kakhulu zibalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuchaneka komda kunye nomgangatho womphezulu weengots zegolide nezesilivere. Ngokusebenzisa isoftware yoyilo oluphezulu kunye nokudibanisa netekhnoloji yomatshini ochanekileyo, kunokwenzeka ukwenza iimolds ezihlangabezana neemilo ezinzima kunye neemfuno ezichanekileyo. Ukukhethwa kwezinto zokubumba kukwabalulekile, kufuna ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu, ukumelana nokunxiba, kunye ne-thermal conductivity ukuqinisekisa ukuzinza komda kunye nokuguda komphezulu ngexesha lokusetyenziswa ngokuphindaphindiweyo. Ngokomzekelo, ukusebenzisa izixhobo ezikhethekileyo ze-alloy ukuvelisa iimbumba kunokuphucula ngokufanelekileyo ubomi benkonzo yokubumba kunye nokunciphisa iingxaki zekhwalithi zemveliso ezibangelwa ukuguga kwesikhunta. Ngexesha elifanayo, ukwakhiwa kwesakhiwo sokubumba kufuneka kuququzelele ukuzaliswa kunye nokupholisa kwegolide kunye nesiliva, ukukhuthaza ukubunjwa ngokukhawuleza kunye nokuphucula umgangatho we-ingot.

(3) Ubhaqo obukrelekrele kunye neteknoloji yokubeka iliso umgangatho

Ukuqinisekisa ukuba yonke i-ingot yegolide neyesilivere ihlangabezana nemigangatho ekumgangatho ophezulu, ubhaqo olukrelekrele kunye nomgangatho wokubeka iliso ubuchwephesha zizinto eziyimfuneko. Ngexesha lenkqubo yokuphosa, izinzwa ezahlukeneyo zisetyenziselwa ukujonga iiparamitha zexesha lokwenyani ezifana nobushushu, ukwakheka, kunye noxinzelelo lokuphosa lwegolide kunye nolwelo lwesilivere. Nje ukuba kwenzeke okungaqhelekanga, inkqubo ngokukhawuleza ikhupha i-alam kwaye ilungelelanise ngokuzenzekelayo. Emva kokuba i-ingot yenziwe, ukubonakala kwayo kuhlolwa ngenkqubo yokuhlola ebonakalayo, kubandakanywa ukuchaneka kwe-dimensional, flatness surface, ubukho beziphene ezifana neepores kunye nokuqhekeka. Ukongezelela, iindlela ezifana nokuhlolwa kwe-X-ray zingasetyenziselwa ukufumanisa umgangatho wangaphakathi we-ingot, ukuqinisekisa ukuba imveliso ayinazo iziphene zangaphakathi. Kwiimveliso ezichongiweyo ezingahambelaniyo, inkqubo iyazichonga ngokuzenzekelayo kwaye izihlelele ukuqhubekeka.

3. Amacandelo angundoqo kunye nokuhamba komsebenzi womatshini wokuphosa we-ingot ozenzekelayo

(1) Amacandelo aphambili omatshini wokuphosa ingot ozenzekelayo

① Inkqubo yokuhambisa imathiriyeli ekrwada: inoxanduva lokuhambisa ngokuzenzekelayo izinto zegolide kunye nesilivere kwiziko lokunyibilika. Inkqubo ibandakanya umgqomo wokugcina izinto ezikrwada, isixhobo sokulinganisa, kunye nesixhobo sokuhambisa. Isixhobo sokulinganisa sinokulinganisa ngokuchanekileyo ubungakanani bezinto eziluhlaza ngokobunzima obusetwe kwangaphambili, kwaye ke isixhobo esihambisayo sinokuhambisa ngokutyibilikayo izinto ezikrwada kwisithando somlilo esinyibilikayo, sifezekise ukondla okuchanekileyo kwezixhobo.

② Inkqubo yokunyibilika: yenziwe ngesithando somlilo esinyibilikayo, isixhobo sokufudumeza, kunye nenkqubo yokulawula ubushushu. Iziko lokunyibilikisa lamkela itekhnoloji yokufudumeza ekumgangatho ophezulu, njengokufudumeza kwe-induction, enokukhawuleza ukufudumeza igolide kunye nesilivere yezixhobo ezikrwada ngaphezulu kwendawo yokunyibilika, izinyibilikise zibe kwimeko yolwelo. Inkqubo yokulawula ubushushu ibeka iliso kwiqondo lokushisa ngaphakathi kwesithando somlilo ngexesha langempela ngokusebenzisa izinzwa zobushushu ezichanekileyo kwaye zilungelelanise ngokuchanekileyo amandla okufudumeza ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba ubushushu begolide kunye nolwelo lwesilivere buhlala buzinzile ngaphakathi koluhlu olufanelekileyo.

③ Inkqubo yokuphosa: kubandakanya umlomo wokuphosa, isixhobo sokulawula ukuqukuqela, kunye nokungunda. I-nozzle yokuphosa yenzelwe ubume obukhethekileyo bokuqinisekisa ukuba igolide kunye nesilivere yesiliva inokuhamba ngokulinganayo kwaye ihambe kakuhle kwi-mold. Isixhobo sokulawula ukuhamba sinokulawula ngokuchanekileyo izinga lokuphosa kunye nesantya segolide kunye nolwelo lwesilivere ngokobungakanani bokubumba kunye neemfuno zobunzima be-ingot. Isikhunta senziwe ngezinto eziphezulu kwaye sinesigxina esiphezulu sokuqinisekisa ukuchaneka kwe-dimensional kunye nomgangatho ophezulu we-ingot.

⑤ Inkqubo yokupholisa: Emva kokuba i-ingot yenziwe, inkqubo yokupholisa ngokukhawuleza ipholisa isikhunta, ikhawuleza ukuqinisa i-ingot yegolide kunye nesilivere. Ngokuqhelekileyo kukho iindlela ezimbini zokupholisa: ukupholisa kwamanzi kunye nokupholisa umoya, ezinokuthi zikhethwe ngokweemfuno zokwenene zemveliso. Inkqubo yokupholisa ixhotyiswe ngeenzwa zokushisa ukujonga ubushushu besikhunta kunye ne-ingot ngexesha langempela, ukuqinisekisa inkqubo yokupholisa iyunifomu kunye nokuzinza kunye nokuphepha iziphene ezifana nokuqhekeka kwi-ingot ebangelwa ukupholisa okungafanelekanga.

⑥ I-demolding kunye ne-post-processing system: Emva kokuba i-ingot ipholile kwaye iqiniswe, inkqubo yokudiliza ikhupha ngokuzenzekelayo i-ingot kwi-mold. Inkqubo ye-post-processing yenza uluhlu lwenkqubo elandelayo kwi-ingot, njengokugaya umphezulu, ukupholisa, ukuphawula, njl., ukufezekisa imigangatho yomgangatho wemveliso yokugqibela.

(2) Inkcazo eneenkcukacha yokuhamba komsebenzi

① Ukulungiswa kwezinto ezikrwada kunye nokulayishwa: Izinto zegolide kunye nesilivere zigcinwa kumgqomo wokugcina izinto ezikrwada ngokwemigaqo ethile. Inkqubo yokuhanjiswa kwezinto ekrwada ilinganisa ngokuchanekileyo ubunzima obufunekayo bezinto ezikrwada ngesixhobo sokulinganisa ngokwenkqubo esetwe kwangaphambili, emva koko isixhobo esihambisayo sithuthe imathiriyeli ekrwada ukuya kwiziko lokunyibilika.

② Inkqubo yokunyibilika: Iziko lokunyibilika liqala isixhobo sokufudumeza ukufudumeza ngokukhawuleza igolide kunye nesilivere imathiriyeli ekrwada ukuya kwindawo etyhidiweyo. Inkqubo yokulawula ubushushu ibeka iliso kwaye ihlengahlengise ubushushu ngaphakathi kwesithando somlilo ngexesha langempela ukuqinisekisa ukuba ulwelo lwegolide kunye nesilivere lufikelela kubushushu obuphezulu bokunyibilika kwaye buhlala buzinzile.

③ Ukusebenza kokuphosa: Xa ulwelo lwegolide kunye nesilivere lufikelela kwiimeko zokuphosa, isixhobo sokulawula ukuhamba kwenkqubo yokuphosa silawula ngokuchanekileyo isantya kunye nesantya sokuhamba kolwelo lwegolide kunye nesilivere oluqukuqela ekubumbeni ngokusebenzisa umbhobho wokuphosa ngokweeparamitha ezibekiweyo. Ngethuba lenkqubo yokuphosa, inkqubo iyaqhubeka ibeka iliso kwiiparitha zokuphosa ukuqinisekisa ukuzinza kunye nokuchaneka kokuphosa.

④Ukupholisa kunye nokuqina: Emva kokuphoswa kugqityiwe, inkqubo yokupholisa isebenze ngokukhawuleza ukupholisa ngokukhawuleza ukubumba. Ngokulawula izinga lokupholisa, ulwelo lwegolide kunye nesilivere luqiniswa ngokufanayo kwi-mold, lwenza i-ingot yegolide kunye nesilivere epheleleyo.

⑤I-Demolding kunye ne-post-processing: Emva kokuba i-ingot ipholile kwaye iqiniswe, inkqubo yokuchithwa igxotha ngokuzenzekelayo i-ingot yegolide kunye nesilivere kwi-mold. Emva koko, inkqubo ye-post-processing iyasila kwaye ipholise umphezulu we-ingot yegolide kunye nesilivere ukuze iyenze ibe mpuluswa kwaye ibengezele. Emva koko, i-ingot yegolide nesilivere iphawulwe ngolwazi olufana nobunzima, ukucoceka, kunye nomhla wokuvelisa ngesixhobo sokumakisha, ukugqiba inkqubo yokuphosa ngokuzenzekelayo ye-ingot yegolide nesilivere.

4. Izinto ezilungileyo zegolide ezizenzekelayo ngokupheleleyo kunye nesiliva ingot casting

(1) Uphuculo olubonakalayo ekusebenzeni kakuhle kwemveliso

Xa kuthelekiswa nokuphosa ngesandla semveli, umatshini wokuphosa we-ingot ngokuzenzekelayo unokufikelela kwimveliso eqhubekayo yeeyure ezingama-24, kunye nesantya esikhawulezayo sokuvelisa. Umzekelo, umatshini wokujula we-ingot ozenzekela ngokugqibeleleyo unokuvelisa amashumi okanye namakhulu ee-ingots zegolide nezesilivere ngeyure, ngelixa imveliso yeyure yokuphosa ngesandla ilinganiselwe kakhulu. Inkqubo yokuvelisa ngokuzenzekelayo inciphisa ixesha lokulahlekelwa kwemisebenzi yezandla, iphucula kakhulu ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso, kwaye inokwanelisa iimfuno zemveliso enkulu.

(2) Umgangatho wemveliso ozinzileyo nothembekileyo

Kwinkqubo yokuphosa ngokuzenzekelayo, iiparitha ezahlukeneyo zilawulwa ngokuchanekileyo yinkqubo, ukuphepha iimpazamo kunye nokungaqiniseki okubangelwa yimisebenzi yezandla. Ukusuka kumlinganiselo ochanekileyo wezinto eziluhlaza ukuya kulawulo oluzinzileyo lobushushu obunyibilikayo kunye nesantya sokuqukuqela, kunye nokulungelelaniswa okufanelekileyo kwesantya sokupholisa, kuqinisekisa ukuba umgangatho we-ingot nganye yegolide kunye nesilivere iyahambelana kakhulu. Ukuchaneka komgangatho, ukucaca komphezulu, kunye nomgangatho wangaphakathi wemveliso unokuqinisekiswa ngokufanelekileyo, ukunciphisa izinga lesiphako kunye nokuphucula umgangatho womgangatho wemveliso.

(3) Ukunciphisa iindleko zemveliso

Nangona ixabiso lokuqala lotyalo-mali lomatshini wokuphosa we-ingot oluzenzekelayo luphezulu, lunokunciphisa kakhulu iindleko zemveliso ekuhambeni kwexesha. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuveliswa okuzenzekelayo kunciphisa ukuthembela kwisixa esikhulu somsebenzi wezandla kunye nokunciphisa iindleko zabasebenzi; Kwelinye icala, ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso kunye nomgangatho wemveliso ozinzile unciphisa inkcitho yezinto ezikrwada kunye nokuveliswa kwemveliso eneziphene, ngakumbi ukunciphisa iindleko zemveliso. Ukongezelela, iindleko zokugcinwa kwezixhobo ezizenzekelayo zincinci, kwaye ubomi benkonzo bude, ngoko bunexabiso eliphezulu xa liqwalaselwa ngokubanzi.

5. Isiphelo

Ukuqonda ngokupheleleyo ingot yegolide kunye nesilivere ezenzekelayo ezenzekelayo linyathelo elibalulekileyo elibhekiselele kwindlela yala maxesha kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kushishino lwentsimbi exabisekileyo. Ngokusebenzisa itekhnoloji yolawulo oluzenzekelayo, uyilo lokungunda oluchanekileyo oluchanekileyo kunye neteknoloji yokuvelisa, kunye nobhaqo obukrelekrele kunye nomgangatho wetekhnoloji yokubeka iliso, idityaniswe nokusebenza ngokufanelekileyo koomatshini bokuphosa be-ingot ngokuzenzekelayo, imida yeendlela zokuphosa zemveli zinokoyiswa ngokufanelekileyo, okukhokelela ekuxhumekeni ekusebenzeni kakuhle kwemveliso, ukuphuculwa komgangatho wemveliso, kunye nokunciphisa iindleko zemveliso.

Ngenkqubela phambili eqhubekayo yetekhnoloji, itekhnoloji yegolide kunye nesilivere yokuphosa ingot ezenzekelayo ngokugqibeleleyo iya kuqhubeka iphuculwa kwaye iphuculwe, ifaka impembelelo eyomeleleyo kuphuhliso lweshishini lokulungisa isinyithi kunye nokukhuthaza ishishini ukuya kwinqanaba eliphezulu.