Kwishishini lokulungisa isinyithi esixabisekileyo, umgangatho wemveliso uchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukhuphiswano lwemarike kunye negama lophawu

Kwishishini lokulungisa isinyithi esixabisekileyo, umgangatho wemveliso uchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukhuphiswano lwemarike kunye nodumo lophawu lwamashishini. Umatshini oxabisekileyo oqhubekayo wokuphosa, njengesixhobo sokuvelisa isiseko, uguqula izinto zetsimbi eziluhlaza kwiimveliso ezikumgangatho ophezulu ngoluhlu lwenkqubo echanekileyo kunye neyinkimbinkimbi yokuhamba. Okulandelayo, siya kugocagoca kwinkqubo yayo ethile yokuphumeza.

I-1.Imigaqo esisiseko yomatshini oqhubekayo wokuphosa kwiintsimbi ezixabisekileyo

Undoqo wokuphosa okuqhubekayo kukuphumeza ukuguqulwa okuqhubekayo kwesinyithi ukusuka kwiimilo ezahlukahlukeneyo zemathiriyeli ekrwada ukuya kulwelo kwaye ekugqibeleni ukubunjwa okuqinileyo. Emva kokuba isinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo esixabisekileyo sitofelwe kwikristali eyilelwe ngokukodwa, i-crystallizer isusa ngokukhawuleza ubushushu bentsimbi etyhidiweyo ngenxa ye-conductivity yayo efanelekileyo ye-thermal, ikhuthaza ukubunjwa kweqokobhe eliqinileyo kudonga lwangaphakathi lwekristallizer, elona nqanaba lokuqala lokuqiniswa kwe-billet. Njengoko isinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo siqhubeka nokutofwa, umaleko wokuqinisa uqina ngokuqhubekayo, kwaye isixhobo sokutsala sikhupha i-billet ngaphandle kwesinye isiphelo se-crystallizer ngesantya esizinzile, ngaloo ndlela sifezekisa ukuphosa okuqhubekayo.

Ukuthatha umatshini wokuphosa we -Hasung oqhubekayo njengomzekelo, ngexesha lenkqubo eqhubekayo yokuphosa, i-platinamu etyhidiweyo ifakwe kwi-crystallizer, kunye nenkqubo yokujikeleza kwamanzi okupholisa ngaphakathi kwe-crystallizer ipholisa ngokukhawuleza i-platinum liquid, yenza uluhlu oluqinileyo. Iiplatinam zitsalwa zizixhobo zokutsala kwaye emva koko zisetyenzwa kwiimveliso ezahlukeneyo zeplatinam. Xa kuthelekiswa neendlela zokuphosa zemveli, ukuphosa okuqhubekayo, kunye neempawu zokupholisa ngokukhawuleza, kunokwenza isinyithi esinqabileyo sicwebezelise ngokuxineneyo kwaye sibe nesakhiwo esifanayo, siphucula kakhulu iimpawu zoomatshini; Kwangaxeshanye, kunciphisa ilahleko yokunyuka kwenkqubo yokugalela, yenza lula inkqubo, kwaye kulula ukufezekisa umatshini kunye nokuveliswa kwe-automation, ukuphucula kakhulu ukusebenza kwemveliso kunye nesivuno sesinyithi.

2.Inkqubo engundoqo ukusuka kwizinto eziluhlaza ukuya kwiimveliso ezikumgangatho ophezulu

(1) Ukuhlolwa okungqongqo kunye nokuphathwa kwangaphambili kwemathiriyeli ekrwada

Umgangatho wezinto eziluhlaza sisiseko esimisela umgangatho weemveliso. Kwiintsimbi ezixabisekileyo, imfuno yococeko iphezulu kakhulu. Ngokomzekelo, ukuvelisa imivalo yegolide ecocekileyo, ukucoceka kwezinto ezibonakalayo zegolide kufuneka kufikelele kwi-99.99% okanye ngaphezulu. Ukongeza kubunyulu, uvavanyo olubanzi lwefomu yomzimba, iintlobo zokungcola, kunye nomxholo wezinto eziluhlaza nazo ziyafuneka. Kwizinto eziluhlaza ezinokungcola, ukucoceka kufuneka kuphuculwe ngeendlela zokucocwa. Ukucocwa kwe-Electrolytic yindlela eqhelekileyo. Ukuthatha isilivere yokusulungekiswa kwe-electrolytic njengomzekelo, isilivere erhabaxa isetyenziswa njenge-anode kunye nesilivere esulungekileyo isetyenziswa njenge-cathode, ibekwe kwi-electrolyte yesilivere ye-nitrate. Ngaphantsi kwentshukumo yentsimi yombane, isilivere erhabaxa iyanyibilika, kunye ne-ion zesilivere zinyusa isilivere esulungekileyo kwi-cathode, ngokufanelekileyo isusa ukungcola.

(2) Ulawulo oluchanekileyo lwenkqubo yokunyibilika

Ulawulo oluchanekileyo lweeparamitha ezinje ngeqondo lobushushu, ixesha, kunye neatmosfera lubalulekile ngexesha lenkqubo yokunyibilika. Oomatshini abaqhubelekayo bokuphosa iintsimbi ezixabisekileyo bahlala besebenzisa itekhnoloji yokufudumeza i-induction, esebenzisa iindawo ezitshintshanayo zemagnethi ukuvelisa imisinga yentsimbi yokufudumeza. Ineengenelo zokufudumeza ngokukhawuleza, ulawulo oluchanekileyo lobushushu, kwaye akukho ngcoliseko. Kwangaxeshanye, ukukhusela isinyithi esixabisekileyo kwi-oxidizing kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu, izixhobo zihlala zixhotyiswe nge-vacuum okanye iinkqubo zokukhusela igesi. Xa unyibilika igolide, qala ukhuphe igumbi elinyibilikayo, uze uligcwalise ngegesi ye-argon ukuze ukhuseleke, uhlukanise ioksijini, uqinisekise ukucoceka kwegolide, kwaye ubeke isiseko sokuphosa okulandelayo.

(3) Inkqubo yokuphosa echanekileyo

1. Umsebenzi ongundoqo wecrystallizer:   Njengenxalenye ephambili yokuphosa, izinto eziphathekayo, imilo, kunye nobukhulu bekristali buchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo umgangatho wokuphosa. Udonga lwangaphakathi lwenziwe nge-alloy ye-copper kunye ne-conductivity egqwesileyo ye-thermal, enokunyusa isantya sokuqina kolwelo lwetsimbi. Ubume bayo bumisela imilo yokuphosa, kwaye ukuchaneka kwe-dimensional kuchaphazela ukuchaneka kwenkcazo yemveliso. Ukongeza, ezinye izixhobo eziphambili zazisa itekhnoloji yokuvuselela i-electromagnetic kwicrystallizer, eyenza intshukumo eshukumayo kwintsimbi etyhidiweyo ngokusebenzisa imagnethi etshintshanayo, ikhuthaza ukuhanjiswa okufanayo kwamacandelo, inciphisa ulwahlulo, kwaye iphucule ubume bokuqina.

2. Ulawulo olulungelelanisiweyo lokutsalwa kunye nokupholisa: Isantya sokutsala kufuneka sichaneke ngokuchanekileyo kunye nesantya sokuthulula isinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo. Ukuba ikhawuleza kakhulu, inokubangela ukuba i-billet iqhekeke ngokulula, ngelixa ukuba icotha kakhulu, iya kuchaphazela ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso kunye nokwandisa ubunzima bokudweba. Inkqubo yokupholisa ibaluleke ngokulinganayo, njengoko iintsimbi ezixabisekileyo ezahlukeneyo kunye neemfuno zemveliso zihambelana neendlela zokupholisa ezahlukeneyo. Xa uphosa iingubo zobucwebe be-palladium, ukudibanisa ukupholisa kwamanzi kunye nokupholisa umoya kusetyenziswa. I-blank iqale iqiniswe ngokupholisa kwamanzi ngokukhawuleza, kwaye emva koko ipholile ngokucothayo ngokupholisa umoya ukuphelisa uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi olushiyekileyo kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kwemveliso.

(4) Iinkqubo ezilungileyo zasemva kokulungiswa

1. Ukusika kunye nokuqulunqa ukucwangciswa: Ukuchithwa okuqhubekayo okuveliswayo kufuneka kunqunywe ngokweenkcukacha zemveliso, kunye ne-high-precision-precision sawing kunye ne-laser cutting machines ziqinisekisa imilinganiselo yokusika echanekileyo kunye ne-smooth incisions. Kwiimveliso ezineemilo ezintsonkothileyo, ezinjengemihombiso yentsimbi enqabileyo engaqhelekanga, nazo kufuneka zingene kunyango lokubunjwa, njengokulungiswa koomatshini okanye ukucinezela umngundo, ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zoyilo.

I-2.Unyango oluphezulu lokuphucula umgangatho: Ukuze kuphuculwe ukubonakala kunye nokusebenza kwemveliso, unyango oluphezulu luyafuneka. Ubucwebe bentsimbi exabisekileyo buhlala bukhazimliswa kwaye bukhazimliswe ukuze buphumeze indawo egudileyo nebengezelayo; Amalungu esinyithi axabisekileyo asetyenziswa kwibala le-elektroniki afumana unyango lwe-electroplating ukomeleza ukuxhathisa ukunxiba kunye nokuhanjiswa, kunye nomaleko wenye ifilimu ebhityileyo yesinyithi egqunywe ngaphezulu.

3.Izinto eziphambili kunye nezicwangciso zokuphendula zokuqinisekisa umgangatho wemveliso

(1) Ulawulo lomgangatho wemathiriyeli ekrwada

Ukuseka inkqubo yokuthengwa kwempahla ekrwada ebanzi kunye nenkqubo yokuhlola ukulawula umgangatho kumthombo. Sebenzisana nababoneleli abakumgangatho ophezulu ukwenza iisampulu rhoqo kunye nokuhlolwa okupheleleyo kwezinto ezingasetyenziswanga, uvavanyo lokwakheka kweekhemikhali, iipropathi ezibonakalayo kunye nezinye izikhombisi. Kwangaxeshanye, misela indlela yokulandelela umgangatho wemathiriyeli ekrwada ukuqinisekisa ukuba iingxaki zinokulandelelwa kwaye zisonjululwe kwangexesha.

(2) Ukugcinwa kwezixhobo kunye nokuqinisekiswa ngokuchanekileyo

Ukuchaneka kunye nokuzinza kwezixhobo zichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo umgangatho wemveliso. Ukugcinwa okugcweleyo okuthe gqolo kunye nokugcinwa koomatshini bokuphosa ngokuqhubekayo, ulungelelwaniso lwamalungu aphambili, kunye nokutshintshwa kwamalungu agugileyo. Yazisa iinkqubo eziphezulu zokubeka iliso ezizenzekelayo ukujonga imeko yokusebenza kwesixhobo kunye neeparitha zokuphosa ngexesha langempela, elifana nobushushu, uxinzelelo, isantya sokuhamba, njl. Emva kokuba izinto ezingaqhelekanga zenzeke, ii-alamu zangexesha ziya kuqaliswa kwaye ukulungiswa okuzenzekelayo kuya kwenziwa ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwesixhobo esizinzile.

(3) UPhuculo kunye nokuTshaniswa kweeParamitha zeNkqubo

Iintsimbi ezixabisekileyo ezahlukeneyo kunye neemveliso zifuna ukulungelelaniswa kwiiparamitha zenkqubo ezahlukeneyo. Amashishini kufuneka aseke isiseko sedatha yepharamitha yenkqubo esekwe kwisixa esikhulu sovavanyo kunye nedatha yemveliso. Ngokuhlalutya idatha kunye nokulinganisa, ukunyusa ngokuqhubekayo iiparameters zenkqubo kunye nokuphonononga iinkqubo ezintsha kunye nobuchwepheshe. Ngophando lwezakhiwo ezitsha zekristali kunye nokuphucula iinkqubo zokupholisa, sijonge ukuqhubeka siphucula umgangatho wemveliso kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso.

4.Isiphelo

Ukuguqulwa kweentsimbi ezixabisekileyo eziqhubekayo koomatshini bokuphosa ukusuka kwizixhobo zetsimbi ukuya kwiimveliso ezikumgangatho ophezulu yinkqubo entsonkothileyo yentsebenziswano yamakhonkco amaninzi kunye nokudityaniswa kweteknoloji eninzi. Ulawulo oluchanekileyo lwekhonkco ngalinye kunye nolawulo olusebenzayo lwezinto eziphambili zingundoqo ekuqinisekiseni umgangatho wemveliso. Ngophuhliso lwetekhnoloji, itekhnoloji eqhubekayo yokuphosa yesinyithi exabisekileyo iya kuqhubeka nokusungula, izisa iimveliso ezikumgangatho ophezulu ngakumbi kushishino kunye nokukhuthaza imveliso yentsimbi exabisekileyo ukuya kubude obutsha.

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