Lub tshuab nqus tsev induction yaj yog dab tsi?

Nqus melting yog cov txheej txheem hlau thiab alloy melting ua nyob rau hauv lub tshuab nqus tsev ib puag ncig.

Lub tshuab no tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov hlau tsis tshua muaj paug los ntawm huab cua thiab cov khoom siv refractory, thiab muaj kev ua kom huv thiab huv. Los ntawm lub tshuab nqus tsev melting, cov hlau zoo thiab cov alloys nrog cov ntsiab lus roj tsawg, ob peb suav nrog, thiab kev sib cais me me tuaj yeem tau txais. Txoj kev no yog qhov tseem ceeb heev rau kev tau txais cov khoom siv hlau zoo thiab cov khoom siv zoo, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tsim rau cov hlau lossis hlau uas nyuaj rau yaj thiab xav tau ultra-siab purity. Cov txheej txheem ntawm lub tshuab nqus tsev melting muaj xws li electron beam melting, nqus induction melting, nqus arc rauv melting, thiab plasma furnace melting. Piv txwv li, electron beam melting siv high-zog electron beams rau bombard molten cov ntaub ntawv, sai hloov lawv mus rau hauv thermal zog thiab melting lawv. Txoj kev no yog tsim rau melting nyuaj nyuaj thiab ultra-high purity alloys los yog hlau.

Tsis tas li ntawd, lub tshuab nqus tsev melting kuj pab txhim kho toughness, qaug zog lub zog, corrosion kuj, high-temperature creep kev ua tau zoo, thiab sib nqus permeability ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hlau.

Lub tshuab nqus tsev induction rauv melting yog txheej txheem ntawm kev siv electromagnetic induction los tsim cov eddy tam sim no nyob rau hauv cov hlau conductors nyob rau hauv lub tshuab nqus tsev tej yam kev mob los ua kom sov cov khoom rau lub cub tawg. Nws muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm me me melting chamber ntim, lub tshuab nqus tsev twj lub sij hawm luv luv thiab lub voj voog melting, yooj yim kub thiab siab tswj, recyclability ntawm volatile ntsiab lus, thiab muaj tseeb tswj ntawm alloy muaj pes tsawg leeg. Vim yog cov yam ntxwv saum toj no, tam sim no tau tsim los ua cov khoom siv tseem ceeb rau kev tsim cov hlau tshwj xeeb xws li cov hlau tshwj xeeb, precision alloys, hluav taws xob cua sov alloys, high-temperature alloys, thiab corrosion-resistant alloys.

1. Lub tshuab nqus tsev yog dab tsi?

Nyob rau hauv lub thawv kaw, vim qhov txo qis ntawm cov roj molecules, lub siab tawm los ntawm cov roj molecules ntawm ib chav tsev txo qis. Lub sij hawm no, lub siab nyob rau hauv lub thawv kuv qis dua li ib txwm siab. Hom no gaseous qhov chaw uas qis dua li ib txwm siab yog hu ua lub tshuab nqus tsev.

2. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ua haujlwm ntawm lub tshuab nqus tsev induction rauv yog dab tsi?

Txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb yog siv electromagnetic induction los tsim tam sim no hauv cov hlau them nws tus kheej, thiab tom qab ntawd tso siab rau qhov tsis kam ntawm cov hlau them nws tus kheej los hloov hluav taws xob rau hauv thermal zog raws li txoj cai Joule Lenz, uas yog siv rau melting hlau.

3. Yuav ua li cas electromagnetic stirring nyob rau hauv lub tshuab nqus tsev induction rauv?

Lub molten hlau nyob rau hauv lub crucible generates hluav taws xob quab yuam nyob rau hauv lub magnetic teb generated los ntawm induction kauj. Vim yog cov nyhuv ntawm daim tawv nqaij, cov eddy tam sim no generated los ntawm cov hlau molten yog opposite rau cov kev taw qhia ntawm tam sim no dhau los ntawm induction kauj, ua rau kev sib nrig sib repulsion; Lub zog quab yuam ntawm cov hlau molten ib txwm taw rau ntawm lub axis ntawm lub crucible, thiab cov hlau molten tseem raug thawb mus rau qhov chaw ntawm lub crucible; Vim lub fact tias lub induction kauj yog ib tug luv luv kauj nrog luv luv los ntawm ob qho tib si kawg, cov coj hluav taws xob quab yuam ntawm ob qho tib si kawg ntawm induction kauj txo, thiab kev faib ntawm hluav taws xob quab yuam yog me me nyob rau hauv lub Upper thiab qis kawg thiab loj nyob rau hauv nruab nrab. Nyob rau hauv lub zog no, cov kua hlau ua ntej txav los ntawm nruab nrab mus rau lub axis ntawm lub crucible, thiab ces ntws upwards thiab downwards ntawm qhov chaw. Qhov no tshwm sim txuas ntxiv mus, tsim ib qho kev txav txav ntawm cov kua hlau. Thaum lub sij hawm smelting tiag tiag, qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov kua hlau bulging upwards thiab flipping upwards thiab downwards nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub crucible yuav raug tshem tawm, uas yog hu ua electromagnetic stirring.

4. Dab tsi yog qhov ua haujlwm ntawm electromagnetic stirring?

① Nws tuaj yeem ceev tus nqi ntawm lub cev thiab tshuaj lom neeg thaum lub sij hawm smelting; ② Kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov kua hlau molten; ③ Qhov kub ntawm cov hlau molten nyob rau hauv lub crucible yuav zoo ib yam, ua kom tiav cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thaum lub sij hawm melting; ④ Qhov tshwm sim ntawm nplawm overcomes cov nyhuv ntawm nws tus kheej zoo li qub siab, flipping lub yaj npuas sib sib zog nqus nyob rau hauv lub crucible rau cov kua nto, ua kom yooj yim tso pa tawm thiab txo cov roj cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov alloy khaus nplawm txhim kho cov neeg kho tshuab yaig ntawm cov hlau molten ntawm lub crucible, cuam tshuam nws lifespan; ⑥ Ua kom ceev cov decomposition ntawm refractory cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv crucibles ntawm high kub, uas ua rau recontamination ntawm molten alloy.

5. Lub tshuab nqus tsev kawm ntawv yog dab tsi?

Vacuum degree sawv cev rau qhov thinness ntawm cov pa hauv qab ib qho atmospheric siab, feem ntau hais tias yog siab.

6. Tus nqi xau yog dab tsi?

Tus nqi xau yog hais txog qhov nce siab ntawm ib chav tsev ib lub sijhawm tom qab lub tshuab nqus tsev kaw lawm.

7. Cov nyhuv ntawm daim tawv nqaij yog dab tsi?

Cov nyhuv ntawm daim tawv nqaij yog hais txog qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov tsis sib xws tam sim no nyob rau ntawm ntu ntu ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib (xa mus rau qhov cub hluav taws xob hauv smelting) thaum hloov tam sim no dhau los ntawm nws. Qhov siab dua qhov tam sim no qhov ntom ntom ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib, qhov qis dua tam sim no ceev ntawm qhov chaw.

8. electromagnetic induction yog dab tsi?

Hloov tam sim no dhau los ntawm ib lub xaim thiab tsim ib qho chaw sib nqus sib nqus nyob ib puag ncig nws, thaum muab cov hlau kaw rau hauv qhov hloov pauv hlau nplaum tsim cov khoom sib nqus hauv cov hlau. Qhov tshwm sim no hu ua electromagnetic induction.

10. Dab tsi yog qhov zoo ntawm lub tshuab nqus tsev induction rauv smelting?

① Tsis muaj huab cua thiab slag paug, smelted alloy yog ntshiab thiab muaj kev ua haujlwm siab;

② Lub tshuab nqus tsev smelting tsim cov txheej txheem degassing zoo, ua rau cov ntsiab lus roj tsawg hauv cov hlau melted thiab alloy;

③ Nyob rau hauv lub tshuab nqus tsev, cov hlau tsis yooj yim oxidized;

④ Cov impurities (Pb, Bi, thiab lwm yam) coj los ntawm raw cov ntaub ntawv tuaj yeem evaporate hauv lub tshuab nqus tsev, ua rau cov khoom siv purification;

⑤ Thaum lub tshuab nqus tsev vacuum induction rauv smelting, carbon deoxidation tuaj yeem siv tau, thiab cov khoom deoxygenation yog roj, uas ua rau cov hlau purity siab;

⑥ Tau kho kom raug thiab tswj cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg;

⑦ Cov ntaub ntawv rov qab tuaj yeem siv tau.

11. Dab tsi yog qhov tsis zoo ntawm lub tshuab nqus tsev induction rauv smelting?

① Cov cuab yeej siv tau yooj yim, kim, thiab xav tau kev nqis peev loj;

② Kev saib xyuas tsis yooj yim, cov nqi smelting siab, thiab cov nqi siab;

③ Hlau paug los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv refractory nyob rau hauv crucibles thaum lub sij hawm smelting txheej txheem;

④ Cov batch ntau lawm yog me me, thiab kev soj ntsuam ua haujlwm loj.

12. Dab tsi yog lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb thiab lub ntsiab lus ntawm lub tshuab nqus tsev twj?

① Extreme nqus tsev kawm ntawv: Qhov tsawg kawg nkaus ruaj khov tus nqi (piv txwv li qhov siab tshaj plaws lub tshuab nqus tsev kawm ntawv qib siab) uas tuaj yeem tau txais tom qab lub sij hawm ntev ntawm qhov khoob thaum lub qhov nkag ntawm lub tshuab nqus tsev twj tso kua mis yog hu ua lub tshuab nqus tsev siab tshaj plaws ntawm lub twj tso kua mis.

② Kev khiav tawm tus nqi: Qhov ntim ntawm cov pa tawm los ntawm lub twj tso kua mis ib lub sijhawm yog hu ua tus nqi ntawm lub tshuab nqus tsev twj.

③ Qhov siab tshaj qhov hluav taws xob: Qhov siab tshaj plaws tus nqi ntawm cov pa tawm ntawm qhov chaw nres nkoj ntawm lub tshuab nqus tsev twj thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm.

④ Pre siab: Qhov siab tshaj plaws tus nqi uas yuav tsum tau khaws cia ntawm qhov chaw nres nkoj ntawm lub tshuab nqus tsev twj tso kua mis kom muaj kev nyab xeeb.

13. Yuav ua li cas xaiv lub tshuab nqus tsev twj tsim nyog?

① Tus nqi ntawm lub tshuab nqus tsev twj tso kua mis sib haum rau qee qhov nkag siab ntawm lub tshuab nqus tsev twj;

② Lub twj tso kua mis, cov twj tso kua mis, thiab cov twj tso kua roj twj tso kua mis tsis tuaj yeem tso pa ncaj qha mus rau qhov chaw thiab yuav tsum tau tso siab rau ntawm lub twj tso kua mis pem hauv ntej los tsim thiab tswj lub siab ua ntej kom ua haujlwm tau zoo.

14. Vim li cas cov capacitors yuav tsum tau ntxiv rau cov hluav taws xob circuits?

Vim muaj qhov sib txawv loj ntawm qhov induction coil thiab cov khoom siv rau cov khoom siv hlau, cov hlau nplaum sib nqus yog qhov hnyav heev, cov khoom siv hlau nplaum tseem ceeb heev, thiab lub zog reactive yog siab. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv capacitive circuits, lub tam sim no coj lub voltage. Txhawm rau cuam tshuam qhov cuam tshuam ntawm inductance thiab txhim kho lub zog, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum muaj cov khoom tsim nyog ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv Circuit Court, kom lub capacitor thiab inductor tuaj yeem rov ua rau tib lub sijhawm, yog li txhim kho lub zog ntawm induction coil.

15. Muaj pes tsawg feem yog cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb ntawm lub tshuab nqus tsev induction rauv?

Melting chamber, pouring chamber, lub tshuab nqus tsev system, fais fab mov system.

16. Dab tsi yog kev saib xyuas kev ntsuas rau lub tshuab nqus tsev thaum lub sij hawm smelting?

① Cov roj zoo thiab qib roj ntawm lub tshuab nqus tsev twj yog qhov qub;

② Cov ntxaij lim dej yog thim rov qab ib txwm;

③ Lub sealing ntawm txhua qhov kev sib cais valve yog qhov qub.

17. Dab tsi yog kev saib xyuas rau lub tshuab hluav taws xob thaum lub sij hawm smelting?

① Cov dej txias txias ntawm lub capacitor yog qhov qub;

② Lub transformer roj kub yog qhov qub;

③ Cov dej txias txias ntawm lub cable yog qhov qub.

18. Yuav ua li cas rau crucibles nyob rau hauv lub tshuab nqus tsev induction rauv melting?

① Muaj thermal stability siab kom tsis txhob tawg los ntawm cua txias thiab cua sov sai;

② Muaj tshuaj lom neeg ruaj khov los tiv thaiv kev sib kis ntawm cov crucible los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv refractory;

③ Muaj qhov hluav taws kub txaus txaus thiab qhov kub thiab txias ntawm cov qauv siv los tiv thaiv qhov kub thiab txias ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob;

Tus ntoo ci ntsa iab yuav tsum muaj qhov ntom ntom ntom ntom thiab cov kua ua haujlwm zoo ntawm kev sib cuag thiab cov kua hlau ntawm cov nplaum ntawm cov ntoo khaub zig.

⑤ Muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo;

⑥ Me me ntim shrinkage thaum lub sij hawm sintering txheej txheem;

⑦ Muaj qhov tsis muaj zog thiab ua haujlwm zoo rau hydration;

⑧ Cov khoom siv crucible muaj me me ntawm cov pa tso tawm.

⑨ Lub crucible muaj ntau cov khoom siv thiab cov nqi qis.

19. Yuav ua li cas txhawm rau txhim kho kev ua haujlwm kub ntawm cov crucibles?

① Txo cov ntsiab lus ntawm CaO thiab qhov piv ntawm CaO / SiO2 hauv MgO xuab zeb kom txo cov theem ntawm cov kua thiab nce qhov kub ntawm cov kua theem.

② Txhim kho qhov ruaj khov ntawm cov pob zeb siv lead ua.

③ Ua kom tiav lub xeev zoo recrystallization nyob rau hauv sintered txheej, txo porosity, txo grain ciam dav, thiab tsim ib tug mosaic qauv, tsim ib tug ncaj qha ua ke ntawm cov khoom thiab cov theem, yog li txo cov teeb meem ntawm cov kua theem.

20. Yuav ua li cas xaiv qhov tsim nyog geometric loj ntawm lub crucible?

① Phab ntsa thickness ntawm lub crucible feem ntau yog 1/8 txog 1/10 ntawm txoj kab uas hla ntawm lub crucible (tsim);

② Steel kua tso nyiaj rau 75% ntawm crucible ntim;

③ Lub kaum sab xis ntawm R yog nyob ib ncig ntawm 45 °;

④ Lub thickness ntawm lub cub tawg hauv qab yog feem ntau 1.5 npaug ntawm lub qhov cub phab ntsa.

21. Dab tsi yog cov nplaum nplaum uas siv rau knotting crucibles?

① Organic teeb meem: dextrin, pulp pov tseg kua, organic resin, thiab lwm yam;

② Inorganic tshuaj: sodium silicate, brine, boric acid, carbonate, av nplaum, thiab lwm yam.

22. Dab tsi yog qhov ua haujlwm ntawm cov nplaum (H3BO3) rau knotting crucibles?

Boric acid (H3BO3) tuaj yeem tshem tawm tag nrho cov dej noo los ntawm cua sov hauv qab 300 ℃ nyob rau hauv ib txwm muaj xwm txheej, thiab hu ua boronic anhydride (B2O3).

① Ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, qee qhov MgO thiab Al2O3 tuaj yeem yaj mus rau hauv cov kua B2O3 los ua cov khoom hloov pauv, ua kom cov theem khoom tawg ntawm MgO · Al2O3 thiab txhawb nqa recrystallization, ua rau sintering txheej ntawm lub crucible rau hauv qis kub, yog li txo qhov kub ntawm sintering.

② Los ntawm kev cia siab rau lub melting thiab bonding nyhuv ntawm boric acid ntawm nruab nrab kub, lub semi sintered txheej yuav thickened los yog lub zog ntawm lub crucible ua ntej sintering theem nrab yuav nce.

③ Hauv cov xuab zeb magnesia uas muaj CaO, kev siv cov binders tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov crystal transformation ntawm 2CaO · SiO2 hauv qab 850 ℃.

23. Dab tsi yog ntau txoj kev molding rau crucibles?

Ob txoj kev.

① Prefabrication sab nraum lub cub tawg; Tom qab sib tov cov ntaub ntawv raw (hluav taws xob fused magnesium los yog txhuas magnesium spinel refractory cov ntaub ntawv) nrog ib tug tej yam particle loj piv thiab xaiv tsim nyog adhesives, lawv yog tsim nyob rau hauv lub crucible pwm los ntawm kev co thiab isostatic siab txheej txheem. Lub cev crucible yog qhuav thiab ua tiav rau hauv lub prefabricated crucible nyob rau hauv ib tug high-temperature tunnel kiln nrog lub siab tshaj plaws firing kub ntawm ≥ 1700 ℃ × 8 teev.

② Ncaj nraim hauv lub qhov cub; Ntxiv ib qho tsim nyog ntawm cov nplaum nplaum, xws li boric acid, rau qhov tsim nyog particle loj piv, sib tov sib npaug, thiab siv tamping kom ua tiav tuab. Thaum lub sij hawm sintering, txawv microstructures yog tsim los ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov kub thiab txias ntawm txhua feem.

24. Muaj pes tsawg txheej yog sintering qauv ntawm lub crucible tsim, thiab dab tsi yog qhov cuam tshuam rau qhov zoo ntawm lub crucible?

Lub sintering qauv ntawm lub crucible yog muab faib ua peb txheej: sintering txheej, semi sintering txheej, thiab xoob txheej.

Sintering txheej: Thaum lub sij hawm qhov cub txheej txheem, cov particle loj undergoes recrystallization. Tsuas yog rau qhov nruab nrab xuab zeb particle loj ntawm qhov kub qis kawg, qhov kev faib ua feem qub tsis tuaj yeem pom txhua, thiab nthuav tawm cov qauv zoo thiab zoo. Cov ciaj ciam ntawm cov nplej yog nqaim heev, thiab cov impurities raug xa rov qab rau ntawm cov ciam teb tshiab. Cov txheej sintered yog lub plhaub tawv uas nyob rau ntawm qhov chaw sab hauv ntawm phab ntsa crucible, uas ncaj qha hu rau cov hlau melted thiab bears ntau lub zog, yog li txheej txheej no tseem ceeb heev rau lub crucible.

Loose txheej: Thaum lub sij hawm sintering, qhov kub nyob ze ntawm lub rwb thaiv tsev txheej yog tsawg, thiab magnesium xuab zeb yuav tsis tau sintered los yog bonded los ntawm lub iav theem, tshuav nyob rau hauv ib tug kiag li xoob lub xeev. Cov txheej no yog nyob rau sab nraud ntawm lub crucible thiab ua haujlwm rau cov hom phiaj hauv qab no: ua ntej, vim nws cov qauv xoob thiab cov thermal conductivity tsis zoo, cov cua sov hloov los ntawm cov phab ntsa sab hauv ntawm lub crucible mus rau sab nraud yog txo, txo qhov kub poob, muab rwb thaiv tsev, thiab txhim kho thermal efficiency hauv lub crucible; Qhov thib ob, cov txheej xoob kuj yog txheej tiv thaiv. Vim tias cov txheej sintered tau tsim lub plhaub thiab tuaj rau hauv kev sib cuag ncaj qha nrog cov kua hlau, nws yog qhov ua rau tawg. Thaum nws tawg, cov kua hlau molten yuav nkag los ntawm qhov tawg, thaum lub txheej xoob tsis tshua muaj kev tawg vim nws cov qauv xoob. Cov hlau ua kua dej ntws tawm ntawm cov txheej sab hauv yog thaiv los ntawm nws, muab kev tiv thaiv rau lub nplhaib sensing; Thirdly, lub xoob txheej tseem yog ib qho tsis. Vim lub fact tias cov sintered txheej tau dhau los ua ib lub plhaub tawv, tag nrho cov ntim expansion thiab contraction tshwm sim thaum rhuab thiab txias. Vim yog cov qauv xoob ntawm cov txheej xoob, nws ua lub luag haujlwm buffering nyob rau hauv lub ntim hloov ntawm lub crucible.

Semi sintered txheej (tseem hu ua kev hloov txheej): nyob nruab nrab ntawm sintered txheej thiab xoob txheej, muab faib ua ob ntu. Nyob ze ntawm sintered txheej, impurities yaj thiab rov faib los yog daim ntawv cog lus nrog magnesium xuab zeb hais. Magnesium xuab zeb undergoes ib nrab recrystallization, thiab cov xuab zeb loj loj tshwm sim tshwj xeeb; Qhov chaw nyob ze ntawm lub xoob txheej yog tag nrho ua ke los ntawm cov nplaum. Lub semi sintered txheej ua hauj lwm raws li ob qho tib si sintered txheej thiab ib txheej xoob.

25. Yuav ua li cas xaiv qhov cub txheej txheem txheej txheem?

① Qhov siab tshaj qhov cub: Thaum lub rwb thaiv tsev txheej thickness ntawm knotted crucible yog 5-10 hli, rau hluav taws xob fused magnesia, sintered txheej tsuas yog rau 13-15% ntawm crucible thickness thaum ci ntawm 1800 ℃. Thaum ci hauv qhov cub 2000 ℃, nws suav txog 24-27%. Xav txog qhov kub-kub lub zog ntawm lub crucible, nws yog qhov zoo dua kom muaj qhov cub kub dua, tab sis nws tsis yooj yim rau siab dhau. Thaum qhov kub thiab txias siab tshaj 2000 ℃, nws tsim ib tug honeycomb zoo li cov qauv vim lub sublimation ntawm magnesium oxide los yog txo cov magnesium oxide los ntawm carbon, nrog rau cov khaus recrystallization ntawm magnesium oxide. Yog li ntawd, qhov siab tshaj qhov cub kub yuav tsum tau tswj hauv qab 2000 ℃.

② Cua sov tus nqi: Nyob rau theem pib ntawm cua sov, thiaj li yuav tshem tawm cov dej noo los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv refractory, txaus preheating yuav tsum tau nqa tawm. Feem ntau, cov cua kub yuav tsum qeeb qis dua 1500 ℃; Thaum lub cub tawg kub siab tshaj 1500 ℃, hluav taws xob fused magnesia xuab zeb pib sinter. Nyob rau lub sijhawm no, lub zog siab yuav tsum tau siv los ua kom kub sai sai rau qhov xav tau siab tshaj qhov cub kub.

③ Rwb thaiv tsev lub sij hawm: Tom qab lub cub tawg kub mus txog qhov kub tshaj qhov cub, rwb thaiv tsev yuav tsum tau nqa tawm ntawm qhov kub ntawd. Lub sij hawm rwb thaiv tsev sib txawv nyob ntawm qhov cub hom thiab cov khoom siv, xws li 15-20 feeb rau me me hluav taws xob melting magnesium crucibles thiab 30-40 feeb rau loj thiab nruab nrab hluav taws xob melting magnesium crucibles.

Yog li ntawd, cov cua kub thaum lub sij hawm lub qhov cub thiab lub ci nyob rau hauv lub siab tshaj plaws ci kub yuav tsum tau kho raws li