Uyini umshini wokuphonsa oqhubekayo kanye nomsebenzi wawo?

Umshini Wokusakaza Oqhubekayo (i-CCM) umshini wokuguqula izinto embonini yesimanje yensimbi, eshintsha ngokuphelele indlela yokukhiqiza engasebenzi yenqubo yokuphonsa yendabuko. Njengesixhumanisi esiyinhloko phakathi kwezinqubo zokuncibilika nokuginqika, imishini yokuphonsa eqhubekayo ayithuthukisi ngokuphawulekayo ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza, kodwa futhi idlala indima engenakuthathelwa indawo ekuthuthukiseni ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo nokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla. Lesi sihloko sizokwethula ngokugcwele umgomo wokusebenza, izinhlobo, imisebenzi ewumongo, namathrendi okuthuthukisa wesikhathi esizayo emishini yokuphonsa eqhubekayo.

1. Umgomo wokusebenza womshini wokuphonsa oqhubekayo

(1) Ukugeleza kwenqubo eyisisekelo

Ukugeleza komsebenzi komshini wokusakaza oqhubekayo kufaka phakathi lezi zinyathelo ezilandelayo:

Umjovo wensimbi encibilikisiwe: Insimbi ewuketshezi eshisa kakhulu iphuma esithandweni ingene esikhunjeni ngeTundish.

Ukuqina kokuqala: Ku-crystallizer, indawo yensimbi iphola ngokushesha ukuze yakhe igobolondo eliqinile.

Ukupholisa okwesibili: Ngemva kokuthi i-billet yokuphonsa ikhishiwe ku-crystallizer, ingena endaweni yokupholisa yesibili futhi ipholiswe ngokufafaza amanzi noma inkungu ukuze iqinise ngokuphelele insimbi yangaphakathi.

Ukusika nokuqoqwa: Izindikimba eziqiniswe ngokugcwele zisikwa zibe ubude obudingekayo ngomshini wokusika bese ziyiswa ezindaweni zokugingqika noma zokugcina.

(2) Izingxenye ezibalulekile nemisebenzi

Isikhunta: sinesibopho sokuqiniswa kokuqala kwezinsimbi, okuthinta ikhwalithi engaphezulu yokubunjwa.

Iyunithi yokuhoxiswa: Lawula isivinini sokudonsa se-billet yokusakaza ukuze uqinisekise ukukhiqizwa okuqhubekayo.

Isistimu Yokupholisa Yesibili: Isheshisa ukuqiniswa kwangaphakathi kokusakazwa ukuvimbela amaphutha afana nokuqhekeka.

Idivayisi Yokusika: Sika ukusakaza okuqhubekayo ngobude obudingekayo.

2. Izinhlobo zemishini yokuphonsa eqhubekayo

(1) Ihlukaniswa ngomumo we-billet yokusakaza

I-Slab caster: ikhiqiza ama-slabs ane-aspect ratio enkulu, ikakhulukazi asetshenziselwa amapuleti aginqikayo.

I-Billet Caster: ikhiqiza amabhilidi ayisikwele noma angama-rectangular, alungele ukukhiqizwa kwebha nocingo.

I-Bloom Caster: ikhiqiza ama-castings ayindilinga amapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo, ama-forging amakhulu, njll.

(2) Ihlukaniswa ngesakhiwo

I-Vertical Caster: Izinto zokusebenza zihlelwe ziqonde futhi zifanele ukukhiqizwa kwe-billet yekhwalithi ephezulu.

I-Curved Mold Caster: Isebenzisa i-crystallizer egobile ukuze yonge isikhala futhi okwamanje iyimodeli evamile.

I-Horizontal Caster: isetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukusakaza okuqhubekayo kwezinsimbi ezingenayo insimbi njengethusi ne-aluminium.

3. Umsebenzi oyinhloko womshini wokuphonsa oqhubekayo

(1) Imishini ebalulekile yokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza

Bona ukubunjwa okuqhubekayo kusuka ensimbi ewuketshezi kuye ekubunjweni okuqinile, ususa isikhathi sokulinda esiphakathi nendawo sokubunjwa kwesikhunta esivamile

Isigqi sokukhiqiza sihambisana ngokuphelele nokuncibilika komfula kanye nokugingqika komfula, okwenza umugqa wokukhiqiza oqhubekayo ophumelelayo

Umthamo wokukhiqiza ukusakaza okukodwa ungafinyelela amathani angaphezu kuka-200 ngehora, okuthuthuka kakhulu okuphumayo kukonke

(2) Isixhumanisi esiyinhloko sokuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo

Inqubo yokupholisa elawulwa ngokunembile iqinisekisa i-microstructure efanayo ye-cast billet, inciphisa kakhulu amaphutha afana nokuhlukaniswa kanye nokuncipha kwe-porosity.

Izinga eliphakeme lokuzenzakalelayo, elinciphisa umthelela wezinto zomuntu kukhwalithi

Ikhwalithi ephezulu kakhulu, enciphisa izindleko zokucubungula ezilandelayo kanye namazinga e-scrap

(3) Isiqinisekiso esibalulekile sokongiwa kwamandla kanye nokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa

Isivuno sensimbi singafinyelela ku-96-98%, okuyi-10-15% ephakeme kunenqubo yokubunjwa kwesikhunta.

Ukusebenza kahle kokusetshenziswa kwamandla ashisayo, kunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okushisa okuphindaphindiwe

Uhlelo lokujikeleza kwamanzi okupholisa kunciphisa kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwemithombo yamanzi

(4) Isisekelo sokuzuza ukukhiqiza okuzenzakalelayo

Nikeza ukuxhumana okubalulekile kokukhiqiza okuhlakaniphile kuyo yonke inqubo

Ukuqoqwa kwedatha yesikhathi sangempela kunikeza isisekelo sokuthuthukisa inqubo

Hlanganisa nezinto zokusebenza ezikhuphuka nomfula ukuze wakhe ifektri yedijithali

4. Izinzuzo zemishini yokuphonsa eqhubekayo

(1) Ukuthuthukiswa kwezinguquko ekusebenzeni kahle kokukhiqiza

Imodi yokusebenza eqhubekayo inyusa umthamo wokukhiqiza izikhathi ezi-3-5

Izinga lokusebenzisa izinto zokusebenza lingaphezu kwama-85%

(2) Ukuthuthukiswa okuphawulekayo kwekhwalithi yomkhiqizo

Inhlangano yangaphakathi iminyene futhi iyafana

Ukunemba okuphezulu kobukhulu kanye nokulawula ukubekezelelana okunembe kakhudlwana

(3) Ukwehliswa okukhulu kwezindleko zokukhiqiza

Yehlisa isidingo sabasebenzi ngaphezu kuka-50%

Yehlisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ngo-20-30%

Izinzuzo eziqondile zezomnotho ezilethwa ukwanda kwezinga lesivuno

5. Umkhuba wokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bokusakaza obuqhubekayo

(1) Ubuhlakani kanye ne-automation

Ukusebenzisa ama-algorithms e-AI ukuze kuthuthukiswe amapharamitha wenqubo futhi kuthuthukiswe ikhwalithi yokulingisa.

Ukuqapha okukude nokubikezela amaphutha ukunciphisa isikhathi sokuphumula.

(2) Izinto ezintsha nezinqubo ezintsha

Dala ama-alloys ethusi asebenza kahle ukuze amakristalu anwebe impilo yawo yesevisi.

Ubuchwepheshe be-Electromagnetic stirring (EMS) buthuthukisa ukwakheka kwangaphakathi kokusakazwa.

(3) I-Green Casting Technology

Ukubuyiselwa kokushisa kukadoti kanye nokusetshenziswa ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla.

Yehlisa ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi okupholisa futhi uthuthukise ukusebenza kwemvelo.

isiphetho

Njengemishini eyinhloko yemboni yesimanje yensimbi, umshini wokuphonsa oqhubekayo udlala indima ebalulekile engenakushintshwa ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza, ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo, kanye nokunciphisa izindleko zokukhiqiza. Inqubekelaphambili yayo kwezobuchwepheshe iqhuba ngqo ukuthuthukiswa kwayo yonke imboni yensimbi. Ngokuzayo, ngokusetshenziswa okujulile kobuchwepheshe obukhaliphile nobuluhlaza, imishini yokuphonsa eqhubekayo izoqhubeka nokuhola emisha nokuguqulwa kwezinqubo zokukhiqiza i-metallurgical.